The making of the ESDP: strategic context and actors.

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Presentation transcript:

The making of the ESDP: strategic context and actors

The European defense integration in the cold war European security community plans- the Dunkirk Treaty 1947/ Brussels Treaty 1948 The Atlantic Alliance The two pillars structure- the European divisions (Atlanticist and Europeanists, US hegemony or pooling of sovereignty) and American ambivalence (burden sharing and hegemony) -The transatlantic debate

NATO’s post cold war revival J. Howorth (2000) Availability of military force when combat forces were needed The alternative plans- CSCE/ OSCE and WEU The reality of war The French rapprochement with NATO The role of the CEECs

CFSP- the alternative European security narrative the French blueprint based on WEU: the assessment of the new strategic environment; the role of NATO; the place of the CEECs Mitterrand and Kohl letter to the Irish Presidency (1990) The Key Largo Summit (1990) The NATO London Summit The Gulf war The launch of Eurocorps in 1991 The WEU role in the Yugoslav crisis Bilateral initiatives

The US position The position of the Congress and the executive branch of government The ‘yes…, but’ (Sloan) position -Any attempt to replace, displace or subvert NATO will be resisted -European capabilities within the Atlantic framework will be welcomed -Resurgence of the burden-sharing debate

From ESDI to CESDP- the second half of the 1990s ESDI- technical- military arrangements and the political message: the NAC in Brussels 1994 and the NAC in Berlin 1996 The US swings between isolationism and burden-sharing Transatlantic tensions: placement of military HQs; Albania and Kosovo; the CEECs Intra-European tensions- the 1996 IGC and Amsterdam July 1998 the Portschach Summit December 1998 St. Malo

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