Microscope & Simple Epithelium LAB EXERCISE BY DR. ANSARI Wednesday, April 26, 2017 4/26/2017 HISTOLOGY LAB.1.

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OBJECTIVES Parts of a compound microscope. Function of each part. Types of microscope. Types of tissues Features of simple epithelium Types of simple epithelium Locations of simple epithelium 4/26/2017

PARTS OF A COMPOUND MICROSCOPE 4/26/2017

EYE PIECE The part of the microscope that you look through. Eyepieces in most compound microscopes have a lens with a 10x magnification level. Our Advanced microscope has a pointer built in, which appears as a black line across half of the field of view. To move the pointer, just turn the top of the eyepiece. 4/26/2017 The eye piece/ocular

The first set of objectives are called low power, The magnification range is 10X; 4X 4/26/2017 The objectives lenses

The second set of objectives are called “high Power” OBJECTIVE LENSES ARE NEAR THE SPECIMEN The second set of objectives are called “high Power” They multiply 40X; & 100X. 100X is oil immersion 4/26/2017 THE HIGH POWER

CONDENSOR/IRIS IT CONVERGES THE LIGHT ON TO THE SPECIMEN 4/26/2017

STAGE, HANDLE, ADJUSTMENT KNOBS NON OPTICAL PARTS ARE STAGE, HANDLE, ADJUSTMENT KNOBS SLIDE MOVEMENT KNOBS 4/26/2017

TYPES OF MICROSCOPES DARK FIELD MICROSCOPE PHASE CONTRAST MICROSCOPE FLOURESENT MICROSCOPE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE A beam of electrons are used for illumination and it is recorded and viewed, it increases the resolution A light object is seen on a dark background, e.g.. Spirochetes, syphilis bacteria can be seen by dark field microscope. Live unstained microorganism can be seen by Phase contrast microscope. Ultraviolet light is used to illuminate the specimen by fluorescent microscope. 4/26/2017

These are fundamental tissues of the body Types of tissues There are four basic tissues of our body. 1. Epithelial tissue, 2. Connective tissue, 3. Muscular tissue, 4. Nervous tissue. 4/26/2017 These are fundamental tissues of the body

FEATURES OF SIMPLE EPITHELIUM It is a single layered structure, the cells are arranged side by side. No spaces in between. No extra cellular material. No blood vessels/nerves… FEATURES OF SIMPLE EPITHELIUM 4/26/2017

TYPES OF SIMPLE EPITHELIUM 1. SIMPLE COLUMNAR 2.SIMPLE SQUAMOUS 3.SIMPLE CUBOIDAL 4. PSEUDOSTRATIFIED CLASSIFICATION OF SIMPLE EPITHELIUM 4/26/2017

CILIA ARE MOTILE STRUCTURES ARISING FROM LUMINAL SURFACE OF EPITHELIUM 4/26/2017

SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM CELLS ARE ARRANGED IN ONE ROW. TALL COLUMNAR CELLS ALL RESTING ON BASEMENT MEMBRANE HELPS IN ABSORPTION/SECRETION 4/26/2017 FEATURES

SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM EXAMPLES GALL BLADDER STOMACH INTESTINE UTERINE TUBE SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM 4/26/2017

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM A single row of thin scale like cells resting on a basement membrane. Helps in perfusion/filtration/lining the blood vessels/peritoneum/pleura/pericardium. Examples are seen in lung alveoli, Bowman’s capsule of kidney. 4/26/2017 FEATURES AND EXAMPLES

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SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM SEEN IN THE INNER LINING OF THE BLOOD VESSELS 4/26/2017 TUNICA INTIMA/ENDOTHELIUM

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SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM 4/26/2017

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Simple squamous epithelium 4/26/2017 LUNG ALVEOLI

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM 4/26/2017

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM SEEN IN CONVOLUTED TUBULES OF KIDNEY 4/26/2017

LINING CELLS OF THYROID FOLLICLES SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM SECRETION/EXCRETION/ ABSORPTION FUNCTIONS OF SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM 4/26/2017

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED CILIATED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM RESPIRATORY EPITHELIUM 4/26/2017 TRACHEA

FEATURES OF REPIRATORY EPITHELIUM MULTILAYERED CELLS NUCLEI AT VARIOUS LEVELS SURFACE CELLS HAVING CILIA SIMPLE GOBLET CELLS CONTAINING MUCOUS ALL CELLS REST ON BASEMENT MEMBRANE 4/26/2017

RESPIRATORY EPITHELIUM CILIA AT THE FREE APICAL SURFACE 4/26/2017 FALSE APPEARANCE OF MULTILAYERD CELLS

IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF EPITHELIUM ? 4/26/2017

What type of epithelium is this? Where it can be found? 4/26/2017

Identify the type of epithelium? Where are the places it can be found ? 4/26/2017

WHAT TYPE OF EPITHELIUM IS THIS? WRITE ANY 2 FEATURES OF THIS TYPE OF EPITHELIUM. 4/26/2017