Neuroscience IDP Graduate Students Visit to CCB/LONI: Introduction to Human Brain Mapping Jack Van Horn.

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Presentation transcript:

Neuroscience IDP Graduate Students Visit to CCB/LONI: Introduction to Human Brain Mapping Jack Van Horn

Phrenology From the work of Franz Josef Gall ( )

Spatio-Temporal Scales Naturally Occurring Lesions PET fMRI Multi-Unit Recording Optical Imaging TMS MEG & ERP Patch Clamp Light Microscopy Single Unit Brain Map Column Layer Neuron Dendrite Synapse Log Time (sec) Log Size (mm) MillisecondSecondMinuteHourDay Induced Lesions

Mapping Brain Function Assigning quantitative values associated with functionally-related change to spatial locations in the brain.

Blood Oxygenation Level Dependence (BOLD) Arteries Veins Capillary Bed Neurons Oxygen Rich Hemoglobin (HbO2) De-oxygenated Hemoglobin More oxygenated HbO2: Less MR signalMore deoxygenated HbO2: More MR signal

Calcarine Sulci Fusiform Gyri fMRI Hemodynamic Response 1500ms 500ms 100ms

The Localizing of Function Known ReferenceSpatial TransformationAnalysis, Display, & Interpretation

3-Planar Views of Activity

Mapping Activity on the Surface

Example: Retinotopic Mapping from Dougherty et al., Journal of Vision (3),10,

Movement > Rest Rest > Movement (TF Placebo – CF Placebo )>(TF Alcohol – CF Alcohol ) Plac > Alc TF > CF Lobule VI (Med) Lobule VI (Lat) Lobule IV Dentate Crus I Dentate Lobule VIIIA Lobule V E/G F/G CRI/CRII Lobule VI CRI/CRII a. b. c. d. e. f. g. Placebo Alcohol

Frontal LeftRight (TF Placebo -CF Placebo ) > (TF Alcohol -CF Alcohol ) LeftRight Parietal Left Placebo Alcohol Right

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and White Matter Tractography

Brain Mapping Summary Mapping and visualization of the brain in vivo is one of the most interesting, profound, beautiful, & fun aspects of neuroscience Mapping and visualization of the brain in vivo is one of the most interesting, profound, beautiful, & fun aspects of neuroscience Rigorous characterization of brain anatomy and function is the essence of brain science at LONI Rigorous characterization of brain anatomy and function is the essence of brain science at LONI