Kaiem L. Frink Lecture Series Elizabeth City State University Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Adjunct Professor/Graduate Student Major Applied Mathematics Concentration in Remote Sensing/Geographical Information System

Overview Introduction Background Data Process Educational Outreach Results

Introduction The CRISM project is an assigned thesis proposal as of May 15, 2009 considered as 80 percent complete. This thesis defense will occur in March of 2010 for a Master of Science in Applied Mathematics.

Background DR. NICHOLAS M. SHORT REMOTE SENSING is the BACKBONE of the SPACE PROGRAM WHAT YOU CAN LEARN FROM SENSORS ON SATELLITES AND SPACECRAFT THAT LOOK INWARD AT THE EARTH AND OUTWARD AT THE PLANETS, THE GALAXIES AND, GOING BACK IN TIME, THE ENTIRE UNIVERSE - THE COSMOS

The following Data Set Process named: FRT _07_IF164L_TRR2.LBL In this data, I would say: "all 5 derived products are featureless" 1 data set of my assigned 100 data sets from a total of over 1600 data sets.

Images NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

Window 1: is labeled "vnir_fem" Which stands for "very near infrared channel to record iron minerals" (Fe is the chemical symbol for iron) structure in this window may indicate the presence of oxidized iron minerals. Water oxidizes iron and so this would be a possible indicator of a history of the presence of water at this site.

Images NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Window 2: is labeled "ir_maf" Which stands for "infrared channel to record mafic mineralogy" Structure in this window may indicate the presence of magnesium-iron rich minerals. Magnesium- Ferric or to use the accepted contraction: mafic minerals, may indicate a history of water rich volcanic activity on the Martian surface.

Images NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Window 3: is labeled "ir_phy" Which stands for "infrared channel to record phylosilicate (clay) minerals." Structure in this window may indicate the presence of clay or clay-like minerals, which may be a possible indicator of a history of the presence of water at this site.

Images NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Window 4: is labeled "ir_hyd" Which stands for "very near infrared channel to record hydrated minerals" Structure in this window may indicate the presence of hydrated minerals. Water can be present as a molecularly bound component of minerals. Minerals with molecularly bounded water are called hydrates. Typically this water can be driven out of (or separated from) the mineral hydrate by subjecting them to very high temperatures (Much higher than the 0 degree C melting point of water ice, like about 500 degrees C). Hydrates are yet another possible indicator of water being present during the mineralization processes at a site.

Images NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Window 5: is labeled "ir_ice" Which stands for "infrared channel to record ice." Structure in this window may indicate the presence of ice which of course is just frozen water. Frozen water ice could be a future propellant, energy or life support resource for human missions to Mars or an indicator of the presence of (sub-surface?) micro-environments more benign than the Martian surface. It may also be an indicator of high potential for life.

Data Sets Images NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

The following Data Set file name: FRT B_07_IF187L_TRR2.LBL In this case, 4 of the 5 derived products may contain really interesting information: A second data set of my assigned 100 data sets from a total of over 1600 data sets.

Interpretations Window 1: is labeled "vnir_fem" Which stands for "very near infrared channel to record iron minerals" (Fe is the chemical symbol for iron) structure in this window may indicate the presence of oxidized iron minerals. Water oxidizes iron and so this would be a possible indicator of a history of the presence of water at this site. Window 2: is labeled "ir_maf" Which stands for "infrared channel to record mafic mineralogy" Structure in this window may indicate the presence of magnesium-iron rich minerals. Magnesium-Ferric or to use the accepted contraction: mafic minerals, may indicate a history of water rich volcanic activity on the Martian surface. Window 3: is labeled "ir_phy" Which stands for "infrared channel to record phylosilicate (clay) minerals." Structure in this window may indicate the presence of clay or clay-like minerals, which may be a possible indicator of a history of the presence of water at this site. Window 4: is labeled "ir_hyd" Which stands for "very near infrared channel to record hydrated minerals" Structure in this window may indicate the presence of hydrated minerals. Water can be present as a molecularly bound component of minerals. Minerals with molecularly bounded water are called hydrates. Typically this water can be driven out of (or separated from) the mineral hydrate by subjecting them to very high temperatures (Much higher than the 0 degree C melting point of water ice, like about 500 degrees C). Hydrates are yet another possible indicator of water being present during the mineralization processes at a site. Window 5: is labeled "ir_ice" Which stands for "infrared channel to record ice." Structure in this window may indicate the presence of ice which of course is just frozen water. Frozen water ice could be a future propellant, energy or life support resource for human missions to Mars or an indicator of the presence of (sub-surface?) micro-environments more benign than the Martian surface. It may also be an indicator of high potential for life.

Images NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

Educational Outreach Engage K-12 students Purpose: to strengthen the science community Remote Sensing Techniques Climate Change Computer Familiarity Hardware and Software High Performance Computing Thirst for knowledge Within the Center of Excellence in Remote Sensing Education and Research we have primary focus on the next generation of Scientist and exposing students to these types of opportunities is one form out outreach that’s fun and interesting.

Results The CRISM project is an assigned thesis proposal as of May 15, 2009 considered as 80 percent complete. This thesis defense will occur in March of 2010 for a Master of Science in Applied Mathematics. A few questions and or concerns for the JPL data providers? Why is the Sensor ID not included within with URL web address Why is the solar longitude not included within with URL web address What is the significance of the Center latitude and Center longitude Within the table observation details Within the spreadsheet what is HRS, FRT, HRL indicating? File HRL00007E20_07_IF181L_TRR2.LBL What is TRR2.LBL?

References Online Sources JPL CERSER Literature Review Research Methods R.L.Mosley 1934 Signal and Image Processing L. Henry 1974

Acknowledgements Audience Carnegie Mellon University CERSER- Center of Excellence in Remote Sensing Education and Research Elizabeth City State University MSPHD Philadelphia School District Purdue University NSF National Science Foundation Funding agencies JPL

Contact Information Website: Questions The floor is open for questions.