War in North America Social Studies 9 Ms. Thind Seven Year’s War
Great Britain vs. France Two powerful European countries fighting for control of the new world: North America Several battles between the French and British colonies for territory Both countries had Native allies
Wars in North America Anglo-French colonial wars started in 1689. War of the Grand Alliance from 1689-1687 to block King Louis XVI’s expansion Acadia captured by Britain Treaty of Ryswick signed and returned territories to original owners.
Wars in North America War of the Spanish Succession in 1704-1713 Acadia captured by Britain Treaty of Utretch: technically ended the war but left boundaries unclear and the British unhappy
Fortress of Louisbourg King of France spent a considerable amount on the fortress in New France to protect the St. Lawrence Designed by Sebastien Le Prestre de Vauban: greatest military engineer of the 16th century Centre of cod fishery, major shipping hub, and a training base for the French navy
Seven Year’s War What? +7 year war used to describe the war for North America Who? Major players: Great Britain vs. France When? 1755 - 1763 Where? Eastern Canada and Eastern United States Why? Overlapping interests in their colonial and trade empires.
Seven Year’s War The Treaty of Utretch stopped New England from crossing the Allegheny Mountains rich farm lands in Ohio valley lead to war In 1755 the British tried to force Acadians to swear an oath to the King of England they did not = expelled more than 10,000 Acadians
Seven Year’s War In 1758 James Wolfe lead the British to victory after the capture of Louisbourg = now they had easy access of the St. Lawrence river and attack Quebec.
Battle of the Plains of Abraham Pivotal battle, “made Britain what she is” Poor planning by the French lead by Montcalm and New France suffering from financial problems = lost thousands of soldiers retreated to Quebec Quebec surrendered and Montreal was taken in 1760
Treaty of Paris Signed in 1763 New France became British possession