East Asian History

Dynasties in China – Civilization began in China around the Huang He River (cultural hearth) – Dynasty-series of rulers from the same family – Dynasties ruled China from 2000 BC Some dynasties lasted up to 800 years Many accomplishments during the dynasties

Chinese Accomplishments Silk Porcelain Calendar Astronomy Geometry Great Wall of China Compass Paper Iron plow Tea Pi (3.14) Silk Road Ship building Medicine Foot Binding (Influenced by Confucianism, Buddhism, Daoism, Legalism)

Foot Binding Started during the Song Dynasty First, only gentry class of women bound their feet and their daughters Later other women started to bind feet (except for peasants) Made illegal after dynasties fell; people continued to bind feet Mao Zedong (Communist leader) finally made people stop binding their feet

Foot Binding

Silk Road Trade route between China and India, Middle East, Africa and Europe. CULTURAL DIFFUSION Starts during the Han Dynasty (200 BC-200 AD)

Forbidden City Beijing China Built Home to the emperor for almost 500 years Made a museum in 1925

Forbidden City Map

European Colonization China Opium Wars (with Britain), lost Hong Kong and was forced to open ports to foreign trade – Chinese resented foreigners!! – 19 th century Europeans wanted access to Chinese markets – Sphere of Influence- a method used to divide foreign control in china, it granted special privileges to the Europeans. China was partitioned for control by Britain, France, Germany, Russia and others. – After China turns to communism- westerns kept out!

European Colonization in Japan 1500’s- Japan has first contact & trade with Europe foreign trade prohibited 1868 trade with foreigners was forced upon Japan

Modern China China Since The Fall Of The Dynasties

Revolution in China  Qing = last dynasty  Corrupt  Unequal treaties w/ Europeans  Loss of power, importance  overthrow of dynasty, civil war  Last emperor (1911)- Puyi  Nationalist (Kuomintang) Revolution  Led by Sun Yat-Sen  tried to get Democracy in China- it Failed  = Weak Republican/Democratic government rules (chaos and civil war) Qing Dynasty Emperor Puyi, the last emperor of China, ascended to the throne in He was three years old.

Communist China During World War II -Japan attacked China Chinese Nationalists (who want a Republic/Democracy) & Communists resist Japan; then at end of war they fight each other Nationalist flee to Taiwan- establish Republic of China (Taiwan) (Democracy) 1949-Communists establish People’s Republic of China (China) Mao Zedong- Leader

Mao Zedong First Communist leader in China Took land & redistributed it equally Reforms (usually unsuccessful & hurt the people) – Great Leap Forward  forced people to work on collective farms, tried to modernize quickly through steel production – – Cultural Revolution everyone returns to peasant way of life very uneducated population (Schools and Universities closed) Red Guard- goal to rid China of Mao’s enemies (by forcing them to flee country, prison or death)- intellectuals forced to flee

Deng Xiaping  took over after Mao- still communist  Main goal was to modernize China by 2000 (agricultural, military and industries)  Most important resource: LARGE POPULATION  SEZs -Special Economic Zones -capitalism (more free-market oriented)

KOREA HISTORY

Koreas United around 200 BC Ruled by dynasties Annexed by Japan in 1910 – Used non-violent resistance marches 1945 partition of Korea on the 38 th parallel – South Korea=Democratic – North Korea= Communist

: Korean War – North Korea invades South Korea to reunite countries – US helps South Korea; China & Russia help North Korea KOREAN WAR

The Koreas Today – Still tension between countries around DMZ (Demilitarized Zone-no weapons) – North Korea leader Kim Jong-Il died Dec 2011 Kim Jong-Un current leader (Kim Jong-Il’s son) – South Korea President Park Geun-hye Prime Minister Jung Hong-won Assembly