The Catholic Reformation

Catholic Reformation The Catholic Church’s attempt to reform itself and halt the spread of Protestantism. I. Pope Paul III and the Council of Trent II. Ignatius Loyola and the Jesuits III. The Inquisition IV. The Index of Prohibited Books V. The Effects of the Protestant and Catholic Reformations

Pope Paul III  Pope from  Cardinal at the age of 25  Promoted reform- minded cardinals  Called for meeting at Trent, Italy to discuss abuses of Church

The Council of Trent Church council called to clarify the Church’s teachings. Prohibited sale of indulgences Outlawed simony Seminaries est. to train priests Cleansed monasteries /convents of immoral behavior Purpose of council was to define Catholic beliefs and correct Church Abuses Purpose of council was to define Catholic beliefs and correct Church Abuses Council of Trent

The Jesuits  Disciplined & well- educated order of Catholic priests  Founded by Ignatius Loyola in 1539  Won Poland & southern Germany back for Church  Spread Catholicism across Africa, Asia, & the Americas

The Inqusition  Church court designed to judge & convict heretics  Imprisoned, exiled or executed those who failed to recant

The Index of Prohibited Books  List of banned books which Catholics were forbidden to read  Included Protestant Bibles and some scientific writings

The Effects of the Protestant and Catholic Reformations  Several new Protestant denominations were formed and spread throughout the world  Church leaders reformed the Catholic Church  Religious intolerance and anti-Semitism increased (esp. in southern Europe)  Religious conflicts and wars spread across Europe for hundreds of years  Nationalism increased as people looked more to their national monarchs than to Catholic Church