The War at Home (Ch. 11, Sec. 3) 1. War Changes American Home Front 2. American People Support War Effort 3. American Civil Liberties Violated.

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Presentation transcript:

The War at Home (Ch. 11, Sec. 3) 1. War Changes American Home Front 2. American People Support War Effort 3. American Civil Liberties Violated

How did the war change America on the home front? Congress gave President Wilson direct control over the economy (regulated industry) War Industries Board set production quotas & allocated raw materials National War Labor Board worked to improve conditions in factories Homeowners planted victory gardens to produce more food

How did America convince the people to support the war? Us helped finance war effort with taxes (progressive income, war-profits, excise) Committee on Public Information (propaganda agency) popularized war effort Paintings, posters, cartoons, booklets, pamphlets, & leaflets promoted patriotism Government used lots of propaganda to promote the war effort

How were civil liberties in America violated during the war? Anti-immigrant hysteria broke out (mostly against Germans: immigrants/American born) Espionage and Sedition Acts targeted labor leaders who encouraged worker strikes It also targeted Socialists, and anyone verbally attacking the government or the war effort Great Migration saw hundreds of thousands of Southern blacks move to cities in the north

Treaty of Versailles (Ch. 11, Sec. 4) 1. The Big Four Led Negotiations 2. Terms Worked Out at Treaty 3. United States Rejects the Treaty

Who were the Big Four? The Big Four led the negotiations at Treaty of Versailles Clemenceau (France) wanted Germany punished Lloyd George (Britain) wanted Germany punished Orlando (Italy) sought territory for Italy Wilson (US) worked out details of the treaty The other three rejected Wilson’s 14-point plan to prevent future war (League of Nations)

What were the terms worked out at the Treaty of Versailles? League of Nations (international peace organization) established (Germany & Russia excluded, US rejected it) Germany returned Alsace & Lorraine (France), gave up overseas colonies, reduced size of army, owed $33 Billion to allies in reparations Treaty established 9 new nations & shifted the borders in Russia, Germany, & Ottoman Empire War-guilt clause, reparations, & loss of territory left Germany determined to seek revenge

Why did the United States reject the Treaty of Versailles? In 1919, US senate voted to reject Treaty of Versailles (League of Nations) Other nations had rejected Wilson’s 14-point plan to prevent future war Many Americans were afraid membership would diminish United States’ right to make its own decisions More importantly, US was afraid membership would only lead to US involvement in future European wars