CONSTITUTIONAL ERA REVIEW!!!

Explain the following principle of government: Federalism Federalism: the separation of power between the national government and state governments

What five freedoms does the 1 st Amendment protect? Religion, assembly, petition, press, and speech

Explain “due process of law” Due process of law: the government must follow established procedures in taking action against a citizen

Due Process of Law Protection from unreasonabl e searches and seizures Right to a speedy trial (includes a lawyer, jury, witnesses, etc) Protection from cruel and unusual punishment

Explain the following principle of government: Checks and Balances Each branch of government has ways to limit the powers of the other branches Example: President can veto Congress, Congress can impeach the President, Supreme Court can rule a law unconstitutional

Which Amendment protects you from excessive government surveillance? 4 th Amendment – “the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses…”

Explain the difference between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan. The Virginia Plan proposed a legislative branch where each state’s number of representatives would be decided by population The New Jersey Plan proposed a legislative branch where each state would have equal representation

Explain the Great Compromise. To resolve the differences between states with high population and low population, the delegates created a bicameral legislature in which one chamber would have representation decided by state populations and one chamber would have equal representation

Explain the Three-fifths Compromise. Should a state be allowed to count slaves as part of their population total? Every 5 slaves will count for 3 people

Explain the Northwest Ordinance. Under the Articles of Confederation, the government passed laws setting up a process for territories to become states in the Union

Explain the 8 th Amendment. Protection against “cruel and unusual punishment”

How was the issue of “taxation without representation” addressed in the new government created at the Constitutional Convention? All taxes and laws must be approved and passed in Congress which is made up of representatives from every region of the United States

Why was the 3 rd Amendment included in the Bill of Rights? 3 rd Amendment – government cannot force citizens to quarter soldiers in their homes The British forced colonists to have soldiers in their homes following the Quartering Act

Explain the following principle of government: Separation of Powers The US Constitution created three separate branches of the national government to prevent any one branch of govt from gaining too much power

Explain the following principle of government: Republicanism People elect government officials (representatives) to govern them and make laws

Explain the 9 th Amendment. Even rights not listed in the Bill of Rights are protected.

Explain the following principle of government: popular sovereignty The power of the government comes from the people.

Explain the following principle of government: popular sovereignty The power of the government comes from the people.

What was the impact of Shays’ Rebellion? It caused many citizens of the United States to question the security of the government under the Articles of Confederation.

Explain the 7 th Amendment. Right to trial by jury in civil cases when damages exceed $20