高中进阶 (2259 期 ) 4~5 版 Innovations for Water Purification

Do you think the tap water at your home or school is clean enough for drinking? If not, what do you usually do to make it cleaner? If you were a scientist, do you have any good ideas for bringing clean water to those in need? 2 Pre-reading

3 DO YOU KNOW …? Pre-reading

Scan the article and decide in which paragraph (1-8) of the article you can find the following information. 4 SCAN AND ANSWER 1. the estimated number of people without enough clean water by how bacteria in wastewater can be used to clean the water 3. how “AQUAtaps” operate Pre-reading

Engineer Bruce Logan of Penn State University is perfecting a process by which bacteria in wastewater can generate the necessary electrical power to clean the water. Word bank: 5 electrical power 电力 perfect v. 使完美，使完善 While reading generate v. 产生（电、热、光、力等）

In Angola, Quest Water Solutions has teamed up with the local government to develop and install drinking stations called “AQUAtaps,” which use solar energy to purify drinking water inside. 6 develop v. 开发 install v. 安装 purify v. 净化 team up with 协作，合作 solar energy 太阳能 While reading Word bank:

The AQUAtap fits nicely with the Angolan government’s “water for all” initiative. For Angolans, the AQUAtap project brings clean water and local jobs with no carbon emissions in the process. 7 initiative v. 倡议，计划 carbon emission 碳排放 While reading Word bank:

8 Choose an appropriate word for each sentence and fill in the blank with its proper form. 1. Both Madame Curie and her husband were outstanding __________. 2. The salt has been __________ for medical use. 3. We should __________ on every chance we get to improve our English. 4. The cheese was __________ a strong smell. 5. Demand for __________ peaks in the early evening. capital electrical physics purification emission While reading physicists purified capitalize emitting electricity VOCABULARY EXERCISES

Translate the following sentences into English. While reading 1. 务必将这些药物放在孩子们够不着的地方。 (out of reach) 2. 这个小岛只能坐小船去。 (accessible) 3. 窗外的树木遮住了我房子的光线。 (deprive) 4. 比尔情愿独自经商，也不愿与别人合作。 (team up with) Be sure to keep the medicines out of reach of children. This island is accessible only by boat. The trees outside the windows deprive my house of light. Bill prefers to do business alone rather than team up with anybody. VOCABULARY EXERCISES

1. According to _______, 1.8 billion people will live without enough clean water by A. Penn State University B. the United Nations C. Professor John Balanko D. a Canadian technology company 10 COMPREHENSION Choose the best answer. While reading √

2. According to the article, ______ can be used to purify dirty water. ① bacteria ② battery ③ oxygen molecules ④ the sun ⑤ solar panels ⑥ solar energy ⑦ containers ⑧ viruses A. ③⑧ B. ④⑤ C. ①⑥ D. ②⑦ 11 √ COMPREHENSION Choose the best answer. While reading

3. Which of the following statements about “AQUAtaps” is NOT TRUE? A. Both the solar panels and the batteries are installed on top of “AQUAtaps.” B. “AQUAtaps” are part of “the African sun” solution. C. Currently, “AQUAtaps” operate only in Angola. D. “AQUAtaps” do not require much energy nor much capital. 12 √ COMPREHENSION Choose the best answer. While reading

1. How can the bacteria in wastewater produce electrons? The bacteria can produce electrons when they are deprived of oxygen in a microbial fuel cell. 13 While reading Answer the following question.

2. Why could “AQUAtaps” be a solution that “people can raise their glasses to”? Because the project not only brings clean water to Angolans, but it brings local jobs, too. Besides, it doesn’t emit carbon dioxide in the process. 14 While reading Answer the following question.

Engineer Bruce Logan is perfecting a process by which bacteria in wastewater can generate the necessary electrical power to clean the water. Language study ☞ In formal English, we often put a preposition before the relative pronouns “which” and “whom.” Notice that after a preposition, we can’t use “who”; we use “whom” instead. And we can’t use “that” either. 15 GRAMMAR TIP e.g. The rate at which a material heats up depends on its chemical composition.

1. I climbed up to the top of the mountain, ____________________ ______________________________________________. 2. I would like to thank Jessica, ____________________________ ______________________________________________. 3. I have now moved back to the house on Chongming Island, ____ ______________________________________________. 16 YOUR TURN Choose an appropriate sentence (half) from the box to complete the following sentences using “which” or “whom” after a proper preposition. from which I got a good view Language study from whom I learned how to play chess in which I was born I was bornI got a good view I learned how to play chess

As a high school student, what can you do to help future generations and those in need live with enough clean water? 17 After reading Question for further discussion: Perhaps most of us can hardly come up with innovative ideas to purify dirty water, but we can do our part to save clean water for future generations and those in need. For example, we should always remember to turn off taps after using water, or perhaps collect rainwater to wash our cars … Hints: