On the road to SKILLED READING in Kindergarten PU101 Class 2 September 24, 2015

Please take the pre-assessment!

What is skilled reading What is skilled reading? What will my child learn in kindergarten to help him/her become a skilled reader? What can I do to help at home?

Word Recognition Phonological Awareness Decoding Sight Recognition

Phonological Awareness Covered in the first PU101 class by Mrs. Mullen. Pipe cleaner #1

Decoding Decoding is the understanding of the relationship between letters and the sounds they represent and the ability to apply knowledge of these letter-sound relationships to correctly read written words. What do I do when I come to a word I don’t know? Try a strategy! Pipe cleaner #2

Eagle Eye Use the pictures to help you with unknown words. Many children’s books include picture clues to help students decode more difficult words. How do the pictures relate to the text? Example: I can see the eagle.

Lips the Fish Works closely with Eagle Eye. Focus on beginning sounds. Does the word you are saying match the beginning sound for the word in the text? If you are stuck, get your lips ready to say the first sound. Example: Oliver is in the dryer.

Stretchy Snake Stretch out the word slowly and then blend it together. Sound out the word. Tap and grab. Can use sound boxes for help/practice. Example: The cat is fast. /f/ /a/ /s/ /t/ = fast

Chunky Monkey Separate words into chunks. Look for chunks you already know. Chunking helps students read faster because they are blending chunks of sounds together instead of having to blend each sound. Example: “flat”, I already know “at” so /f/ /l/ at = flat

Flippy Dolphin Students are currently working on short vowel sounds. Later in the year we will learn the long vowel sounds and maybe sounds for vowel combinations. If you try the short vowel sound and it doesn’t make sense, flip the vowel, and try the long vowel sound. Example: kind

Skippy Frog Skip the word, read to the end of the sentence, and then COME BACK to see if you can figure the word out based on context clues. Example: “The ________has a long neck.”

Tryin’ Lion Keep trying, don’t give up! Try a word that makes sense.

Sight Recognition Sight recognition is the ability to recognize and read familiar, high-frequency words automatically by sight. Students’ ability to construct meaning from text is dependent on the rapid, automatic, and effortless recognition of words. If students focus their cognitive energy on decoding words, their ability to consider and comprehend text is limited. Pipe cleaner #3

How to practice sight words Practice the words you already know to build fluency. Choose a few words you do not know to focus on each week. When you come to a new sight word in a book, write it on an index card and put it on your fridge to practice. Fun ways to practice sight words: Rainbow write Letter tiles / letter magnets Word hunt in books or post-its around the house Pinterest!

Word Recognition is increasingly automatic Phonological Awareness Decoding Sight Recognition Braid these three pipe cleaners. Can you keep braiding or do you reach an end point? Can you take one piece out without undoing the braid? Word Recognition Increasingly automatic

Language Comprehension Background Knowledge Vocabulary Language Structures Verbal Reasoning Literacy Knowledge

Background Knowledge Use / develop background knowledge at home by: Talk about information/vocabulary in a text your child may be unfamiliar with Take picture walks to preview texts Encouraging curiosity and talk with your child about their questions Meaningful conversations Pipe cleaner #4

Vocabulary Talk about new words Pipe cleaner #5 Synonyms Paraphrase meaning Draw a picture of the meaning Use the word in a sentence Pipe cleaner #5

Language Structures Phonology Syntax Semantics Text Structure What phonological patterns and differences do students hear with phonemes, sentence types, and word endings? Syntax What understandings of word and sentence structure do students recognize? Semantics What do students know about word meanings and relationships? Text Structure Do students understand the text structure and how it works? Pipe cleaner #6

What is Prosody? Examples and non-examples by Mrs. Mullen and Mrs. Vance! Expressive reading Includes the timing, phrasing, emphasis, and intonation that speakers use to help convey aspects of meaning and to make speech lively. Conveys emotions, highlights important information, demonstrates grammatical structure, and influences general memorability of the text Mira and Schwanenflugel, 2003

Why is Prosody Important? There are strong links between oral reading prosody and general reading achievement. After comparing students’ reading prosody in first and second grade with their reading comprehension at the end of third grade, researchers concluded that early acquisition of an adult-like intonation contour predicted better comprehension. (-Miller and Schwanenflugel, 2008)

Verbal Reasoning Understanding inferences, metaphors, constructing meaning from text. Asking and answering questions about texts. Before, during, after Facts, opinions, connections, predictions, vocabulary, if you were the author Pipe cleaner #7

Literacy Knowledge Print concepts Book genres Text features Pipe cleaner #8

Language Comprehension is increasingly strategic Background Knowledge Vocabulary Language Structures Verbal Reasoning Literacy Knowledge Twist these together. Keep twisting……is there an ending point or can you keep twisting? Can you take one out? Language Comprehension Increasingly strategic

Skilled Reading Skilled reading is like a rope woven of many strands. Intersection point of Language Comprehension and Word Recognition. Fluent execution and coordination of word recognition and text comprehension. What would happen if you pulled out one piece? Skilled reading

The importance of Read Alouds Reading aloud is often recommended as the most significant activity for adults to support the emerging literacy skills of young children. (-Nelf, 2008) Reading aloud to young children is not only one of the best activities to stimulate language and cognitive skills; it also builds motivation, curiosity, and memory. (-Bardige, 2009) Reading texts aloud is the single most important activity for building the knowledge required for successful reading. (- McCormick, 1977)

Reading Levels We use Fountas & Pinnell Guided Reading levels. Your student’s reading level will be shared with you at conferences. End of year typical kindergarten level is a C/D. Students are moved to higher level books when they can independently and successfully read with accuracy, fluency, and comprehension.

Reading Resources Mrs. Svarda, our school’s librarian, has many links to online reading resources here: http://www.symbaloo.com/mix/teacherwebmix15 Storia: https://www.storiaschool.com

Please take the post-assessment! Thank you for coming!! Some information and research in this presentation taken from TN Department of Education 2015 Summer Training Participant Packet.