General Purpose Input/Output 3/21/2013 Richard Kuo Assistant Professor

Outline Cortex-M0 MCU General Purpose Input/Output 4.NuMicro_GPIO.PPT Exercise : GPIO to scan 3x3 keypad (Smpl_7seg_Keypad) Exercise : GPIO controlled by 3x3 keypad (Smple_GPIO_Keypad) Exercise : GPIO to read Body Infrared Sensor (Smpl_GPIO_BodyInfrared) Exercise : GPIO connecting to LCM16x2 (Smpl_GPIO_LCM16x2) Exercise : GPIO interface to 16x16 LED Matrix (Smpl_GPIO_LED16x16)

Nu-LB-NUC140 Learning Board 7 segment LEDs RGB LED GPA12,13,14 LEDs GPC12,13,14,15 3x3Keypad Buzzer GPB11

3x3 Keypad schematic

Control Pins used for 3x3 Keypad Column control : GPA2, 1, 0 Raw control : GPA 3, 4, 5 Key1 = GPA3 & GPA2 Key2 = GPA3 & GPA1 Key3 = GPA3 & GPA0 Key4 = GPA4 & GPA2 Key5 = GPA4 & GPA1 Key6 = GPA4 & GPA0 Key7 = GPA5 & GPA2 Key8 = GPA5 & GPA1 Key9 = GPA5 & GPA0

Smpl_7seg_Keypad Display Number = 5 Press middle key

Keypad Driver – Scankey.c #include <stdio.h> #include "Driver\DrvGPIO.h" #include "ScanKey.h" void delay(void) { int j; for(j=0;j<1000;j++); } void OpenKeyPad(void) uint8_t i; /* Initial key pad */ for(i=0;i<6;i++) DrvGPIO_Open(E_GPA, i, E_IO_QUASI); void CloseKeyPad(void) DrvGPIO_Close(E_GPA, i);

Keypad Driver – Scankey.c uint8_t Scankey(void) { uint8_t act[4]={0x3b, 0x3d, 0x3e}; uint8_t i,temp,pin; for(i=0;i<3;i++) temp=act[i]; for(pin=0;pin<6;pin++) if((temp&0x01)==0x01) DrvGPIO_SetBit(E_GPA,pin); else DrvGPIO_ClrBit(E_GPA,pin); temp>>=1; } delay(); if(DrvGPIO_GetBit(E_GPA,3)==0) return(i+1); if(DrvGPIO_GetBit(E_GPA,4)==0) return(i+4); if(DrvGPIO_GetBit(E_GPA,5)==0) return(i+7); return 0;

Smpl_7seg_Keypad int32_t main (void) { int8_t number; UNLOCKREG(); DrvSYS_Open(48000000); LOCKREG(); OpenKeyPad(); while(1) number = Scankey(); // scan keypad to get a number (1~9) show_seven_segment(0,number); // display number on 7-segment LEDs DrvSYS_Delay(5000); // delay time for keeping 7-segment display close_seven_segment(); // turn off 7-segment LEDs }

Smpl_GPIO_Keypad Press key Control GPIO outputs GPIOs control 4-port Relay

Smpl_GPIO_Keypad Press key1 Press key2 Press key3 Press key4 Relay #1 off Relay #2 off Relay #3 off Relay #4 off Vcc = 3.3V, GPIO output hi (base)  Relay Control pin = low (collector)

Smpl_GPIO_Keypad int32_t main (void) { char TEXT1[16] = "number: "; int8_t i, number; UNLOCKREG(); SYSCLK->PWRCON.XTL12M_EN = 1; SYSCLK->CLKSEL0.HCLK_S = 0; LOCKREG(); Initial_panel(); clr_all_panel(); for (i=0; i<9; i++) { DrvGPIO_Open(E_GPB, i, E_IO_OUTPUT); DrvGPIO_ClrBit(E_GPB, i); } OpenKeyPad(); print_lcd(0,"Smpl_GPIO_Keypad"); while(1) { number = Scankey(); sprintf(TEXT1+8,"%d", number); print_lcd(1,TEXT1); if (number!=0) DrvGPIO_SetBit(E_GPB, number-1); else for (i=0; i<9; i++) DrvGPIO_ClrBit(E_GPB, i); }

Smpl_GPIO_BodyInfrared Display Detected ! Human Body Infrared Detector

Smpl_GPIO_BodyInfrared int main(void) { UNLOCKREG(); SYSCLK->PWRCON.XTL12M_EN = 1; //Enable 12Mhz crystal and set HCLK=12Mhz SYSCLK->CLKSEL0.HCLK_S = 0; LOCKREG(); DrvGPIO_Open(E_GPA, 0, E_IO_INPUT); // set GPA0 to input mode Initial_panel(); clr_all_panel(); print_lcd(0, "Body Infrared "); print_lcd(1, "GPA0 input......"); while(1) { if (DrvGPIO_GetBit(E_GPA,0)==0) print_lcd(2, "Object Detected!"); else print_lcd(2, "No Detection! "); }

LCD MODULE - PC1602 Operating at 5V

LCM16x2 Pin Description // LCD 16x2 Module // pin1 Gnd (to Gnd) // pin2 Vcc: (to +5V) // pin3 Vo : brightness control (to Gnd) // pin4 RS : 1=Data, 0=Instruction (to GPA0) // pin5 RW : 1=Read, 0=Write (to GPA1) // pin6 E : Chip Enable (to GPA2) // pin7~14 : D0~D7 (to GPE0~7) // pin15 A : backlight+ (to Vcc) no backlight, no coonection // pin16 K : backlight- (to Gnd) no backlight, no connection // DB[7:0] : Description // 0000_0001: Clear Display // 0000_001x: Return to Home (Display RAM address=0) // 0000_01DS: Cursor move direction, Display Shift // 0000_1DCB: Display/Cursor/Blinking on/off // 0001_SRxx: Curosor move, shift R/L // 01xx_xxxx: set CGRAM // 1xxx_xxxx: set DDRAM

Smpl_GPIO_LCM16x2 void LCD_data(unsigned char wdata) { LCD_DATA=wdata; LCD_RS_SET; LCD_RW_CLR; LCD_E_CLR; DrvSYS_Delay(100); LCD_E_SET; } void LCD_cmd(unsigned char wdata) LCD_RS_CLR;

Smpl_GPIO_LCM16x2 void Init_LCM16x2(void) { LCD_DATA=0; DrvSYS_Delay(40000); // wait time >40ms after Vcc>4.5V LCD_cmd(0x38); // 8-bit Interface DrvSYS_Delay(1000); LCD_cmd(0x38); DrvSYS_Delay(37); LCD_cmd(0x06); // Cursor Move to right, no shift LCD_cmd(0x0C); // Display ON, Cursor Off, Blinking off LCD_cmd(0x01); // Display Clear DrvSYS_Delay(1520); }

Smpl_GPIO_LCM16x2 void display_xy(uint8_t x,uint8_t y) { if(y==1) x+=0x40; x+=0x80; LCD_cmd(x); } void display_char(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, unsigned char dat) display_xy(x,y); LCD_data(dat); void display_string(uint8_t x,uint8_t y,unsigned char *s) { uint8_t i; display_xy(x,y); i=0; while((x+i)<16) LCD_data(*s); s++; i++; }

Smpl_GPIO_LCM16x2 main() { unsigned char LcdBuf1[16]= "Welcome to NTOU "; unsigned char LcdBuf2[16]= "Cortex-M0 MCU !!"; Init_LCM16x2(); display_string(0,0,LcdBuf1); // display line 1 display_string(0,1,LcdBuf2); // display line 2 }

Smpl_GPIO_LCM8x2

Smpl_GPIO_LCM8x2 // // NuMicro Nu-LB-NUC140 // Sample Code : Smpl_GPIO_LCM8x2 // LCD 8x2 Module // pin1 Vss: (to Gnd) // pin2 Vcc: to +5V (to +5V) // pin3 Vee : brightness control (to Gnd) // pin4 RS : 1=Data, 0=Instruction (to GPA0) // pin5 RW : 1=Read, 0=Write (to GPA1) // pin6 E : Chip Enable (to GPA2) // pin7~14 : D0~D7 (to GPB0~7)

Smpl_GPIO_LCM8x2 #include <stdio.h> #include "NUC1xx.h" #include "Driver\DrvGPIO.h" #include "Driver\DrvUART.h" #include "Driver\DrvSYS.h" #define LCD_DATA GPIOB->DOUT // D0~7 pin = GPB0~7 #define LCD_RS_HI DrvGPIO_SetBit(E_GPA,0) // RS pin = GPA0 #define LCD_RS_LO DrvGPIO_ClrBit(E_GPA,0) #define LCD_RW_HI DrvGPIO_SetBit(E_GPA,1) // RW pin = GPA1 #define LCD_RW_LO DrvGPIO_ClrBit(E_GPA,1) #define LCD_E_HI DrvGPIO_SetBit(E_GPA,2) // E pin = GPA2 #define LCD_E_LO DrvGPIO_ClrBit(E_GPA,2)

Smpl_GPIO_LCM8x2 void Init_GPIO(void) { DrvGPIO_Open(E_GPA, 0, E_IO_OUTPUT); DrvGPIO_Open(E_GPA, 1, E_IO_OUTPUT); DrvGPIO_Open(E_GPA, 2, E_IO_OUTPUT); DrvGPIO_ClrBit(E_GPA, 0); DrvGPIO_ClrBit(E_GPA, 1); DrvGPIO_ClrBit(E_GPA, 2); } void LCD_data(unsigned char wdata) LCD_DATA=wdata; LCD_RS_HI; LCD_RW_LO; LCD_E_HI; DrvSYS_Delay(1000); LCD_E_LO; void LCD_cmd(unsigned char wdata) { LCD_DATA=wdata; LCD_RS_LO; LCD_RW_LO; LCD_E_HI; DrvSYS_Delay(1000); LCD_E_LO; }

Smpl_GPIO_LCM8x2 void Init_LCM8x2(void) { LCD_DATA=0; DrvSYS_Delay(37);// wait time >40ms after Vcc>4.5V LCD_cmd(0x38); DrvSYS_Delay(37); LCD_cmd(0x0C); LCD_cmd(0x01); DrvSYS_Delay(1520); LCD_cmd(0x06); } void display_xy(uint8_t x,uint8_t y) if(y==1) x+=0x40; x+=0x80; LCD_cmd(x); void display_char(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, unsigned char dat) { display_xy(x,y); LCD_data(dat); } void display_string(uint8_t x,uint8_t y,unsigned char *s) uint8_t i; i=0; while((x+i)<8) LCD_data(*s); s++; i++;

Smpl_GPIO_LCM8x2 main() { unsigned char LcdBuf1[8]= "Nuvoton "; unsigned char LcdBuf2[8]= "CortexM0"; UNLOCKREG(); DrvSYS_SetOscCtrl(E_SYS_XTL12M, 1); // Enable the 12MHz oscillator oscillation DrvSYS_SelectHCLKSource(0); // HCLK clock source. 0: external 12MHz; 4:internal 22MHz RC oscillator LOCKREG(); Init_GPIO(); Init_LCM8x2(); display_string(0,0,LcdBuf1);//顯示第一行，第一列第0位置開始 display_string(0,1,LcdBuf2);//顯示第二行，第二列第0位置開始 }

16x16 LED Matrix Interface Signals: VCC GND P24 P23 P22 P21

16x16 LED Matrix schematic Sample Code : Smpl_GPIO_LED16x16

Smpl_GPIO_LED16x16 // LED Matrix 16x16 // pin description & connection // P24 : CLK to GPA4 // P23 : AB to GPA3 // P22 : RCK to GPA2 // P21 : SRCK to GPA1 // P20 : SER to GPA0 #include <stdio.h> #include "NUC1xx.h" #include "Driver\DrvSYS.h" #include "Driver\DrvGPIO.h" #define GPIO_port E_GPA #define LED16x16_CLK 4 // 74HC164 clock #define LED16x16_AB 3 // 74HC164 AB #define LED16x16_RCK 2 // 74HC595 register clock #define LED16x16_SRCK 1 // 74HC595 shift register clock #define LED16x16_SER 0 // 74HC595 serial in

Smpl_GPIO_LED16x16 void InitLED16x16(void) { DrvGPIO_InitFunction(E_FUNC_GPIO); DrvGPIO_Open(GPIO_port, LED16x16_CLK, E_IO_OUTPUT); DrvGPIO_Open(GPIO_port, LED16x16_AB, E_IO_OUTPUT); DrvGPIO_Open(GPIO_port, LED16x16_RCK, E_IO_OUTPUT); DrvGPIO_Open(GPIO_port, LED16x16_SRCK, E_IO_OUTPUT); DrvGPIO_Open(GPIO_port, LED16x16_SER, E_IO_OUTPUT); // set to default DrvGPIO_ClrBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_CLK); DrvGPIO_ClrBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_AB); DrvGPIO_ClrBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_RCK); DrvGPIO_ClrBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_SRCK); DrvGPIO_ClrBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_SER); }

Smpl_GPIO_LED16x16 void CLK(uint8_t level) { if (level==0) DrvGPIO_ClrBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_CLK); else DrvGPIO_SetBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_CLK); } void AB(uint8_t level) { if (level==0) DrvGPIO_ClrBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_AB); else DrvGPIO_SetBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_AB); } void RCK(uint8_t level) { if (level==0) DrvGPIO_ClrBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_RCK); else DrvGPIO_SetBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_RCK); } void SRCK(uint8_t level) { if (level==0) DrvGPIO_ClrBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_SRCK); else DrvGPIO_SetBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_SRCK); } void SER(uint8_t level) { if (level==0) DrvGPIO_ClrBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_SER); else DrvGPIO_SetBit(GPIO_port, LED16x16_SER); }

Smpl_GPIO_LED16x16 void display() { uint8_t i,ia,j,tmp; AB(0); for(i=0;i<16;i++) { CLK(0); RCK(0); SRCK(0); for(ia=2; ia>0; ia--) { tmp = ~ data[(i*2)+ia-1]; // even-byte will shift to Right, odd-byte at Left for(j=0; j<8; j++) { SER(( (tmp>>j) & 0x01)); SRCK(1); } } RCK(1); CLK(1); AB(1);

Smpl_GPIO_LED16x16 int32_t main (void) { uint8_t k; UNLOCKREG(); DrvSYS_SetOscCtrl(E_SYS_XTL12M, 1); //Enable the 12MHz oscillator oscillation DrvSYS_Delay(5000); //Waiting for 12M Xtal stable DrvSYS_SelectHCLKSource(0); // HCLK clock source. 0: external 12MHz; 4:internal 22MHz RC oscillator LOCKREG(); DrvSYS_SetClockDivider(E_SYS_HCLK_DIV, 0); InitLED16x16(); while(1) for(k=0;k<32;k++) data[k]=greenman1[k]; display(); Delay(50000); }

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