Hi Take out your Unit 1 Study Guide. Turn it to page 2. Read the outline. On the next two pages is a Guided Reading. Read both pages, answering the three questions in the boxes as you go. In the margin to the right of the last two sections, “Rush of Inventions” and “Challenge Activity” write down what you think the most life changing of those inventions was. List two reasons why. Skip the Challenge Activity

Unit 1 – Industrialization, Immigration, Progressive Movement

Learning Goal 1 I will be able to: – Define Second Industrial Revolution – Define Bessemer Process and list 5 reasons why the Bessemer Process was so important – List six new inventions or innovations that came about during the Second Industrial Revolution – Identify and explain the importance of Henry Bessemer, Edwin Drake, Thomas Edison, George Westinghouse, Alexander Graham Bell, Henry Ford, and the Wright Brothers – List some modern day inventions that changed the world similar to those during the Second Industrial Revolution

1954 Pickup games outside, collecting baseball cards, rode bikes and walked to Denny Park and all over Shaler/Millvale, no check ins, fights happened, home when street lights came on, “dinner bell” from friend’s house 1980 Cable TV and I got a Nintendo when I was in 3 rd grade, rode bikes to Windwood Pool, walk to Shenot’s Farm Market for homemade fudge, Bradford Woods Elem to play hockey & basketball, pickup games in neighborhood every day after school until middle school, first cell phone at 22, disappeared all day sometimes 1999 Cell phones, electronics, “inside kids”, feel more need to be entertained, shorter attention spans, much more access to information, more dangerous, parents way more overprotective

Second IR Bessemer Process Inventions & Innovations Growth in US manufacturing late 1800s, made some people very rich, while a lot more stayed very poor. 1870s, blast hot air to melt impurities in steel, much faster prod. 2 days worth of steel in 20 mins. Imp=more steel, buildings, cities, RRs, jobs 1. RR – b/c of more steel, RR between cities, ship goods & pple 2. Oil – 1850s, oil  kerosene, 1859 Edwin Drake, oil from ground, Oil City, PA 3. Electricity – Thomas Edison=light bulb, George Westinghouse=power plant, more electricity  more products  more jobs  more people spending more $$ 4. Communication – telegraph from coast to coast in 1861, Alexander Graham Bell’s telephone in Cars – 1876 internal combustion engine, Henry Ford’s Model T 6. Airplanes – Wright Brothers, 1903 Importance of all of these = made some people very rich, made a lot of others poor, changed life quickly/drastically, led to more people spending $$$ and created jobs for immigrants

SteelRailroadsOilElectricCommunicationCarsAirplanes Year of Invention or Major Change (explain) Bessemer process made easier and cheaper way to make steel Cheaper to build RR Elegant passenger cars and refrigerated shipping cars Inventor or Business Pioneer -Henry Bessemer Changes to American Culture or Economy -77,000 tons in 1870, over 1 million tons by Steel cheaper to make, so prices down -More bridges and tall buildings -increased western growth, RR industries employed more people -created MANY new jobs

On a piece of notebook paper… After the Guided Reading you wrote down what you thought was the most important new invention of that time period. What is the most important new invention (new product) or innovation (drastic change or improvement to an existing product) made during your lifetime. In your 1-2 paragraphs, you should obviously tell me what product you think fits the bill of most important, and you should also have at least three reasons why. Don’t forget, each main idea must have a supporting detail/argument!

Why so important? New inventions changed the world Created jobs for immigrants Made some people rich Made a lot of people poor