Night Vision Goggle Operations

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Presentation transcript:

Night Vision Goggle Operations NVG Night Vision Goggle Operations

Presented By: Capt John Withelder 39th Rescue Squadron

HUMOR TIME

Iraqui Navy

Turning Night Into Day

Overview The visual process Components of Vision NVG Theory and Development NVG Components Types of NVGs Visual Performance NVG Limitations Welcome to the NVG Lab

The Visual Process Cone cells - (day vision, require high light, best for resolution and color vision) Rod cells - (night vision, low level light, best for peripheral vision, blind spot at Fovea)

Components of Vision Focal Vision Ambient Vision ( peripheral vision) Limited to the central 2° of vision (Fovia) Consious function, slow process Allows one to clearly identify objects/read displays Ambient Vision ( peripheral vision) subconsious function, primary role to orient an individual in the environment. Works with focal vision to provide spacial orientation

Components of Vision Dark adaptation varies between people sensitivity increase 10,000 fold first 30 minutes complete adaptation 30 to 45 minutes Extreme exposure to bright light may destroy dark adaptation for hours, even days. NVG image perceived in shades of green using both rods and cones. ( dark adaptation critical)

NVG Theory Electro-optical system NVGs collect reflected ambient light Invert and focus image on image intensifier Image intensifier convert light into electrons Electrons stikes phosphor screen creating visible image Image reinverted by fiber optics and transmitted to eye-piece

NVG Theory Illuminence (illumination) Luminance Albedo light striking an object/surface at a distance ex. Moonlight striking the ground Luminance amount of light reflected from a surface ex. Moonlight reflected from the terrain Albedo ratio between illuminence and luminance NVGs intensify reflected energy (luminence)

Electromagnetic Spectrum

NVG Development World War II IR (Infra-red) exploitations Early 60’s Army NVG work Generation I tubes Heavy/awkward/Starlight Scope Generation II tubes Early 70’s development Microchannel plate Shorter/lighter/helmet mounted Generation III tubes intensifier tube into the near IR spectrum “Gallium Arsenide” photocathode (Starlight level performance) What we use now

NVG Development Gen 2 vs. Gen 3 Performance

NVG Components (Gen 3) Advanced night vision system Binocular style, helmet mounted Amplify visible and near IR energy Passive process, no emission by goggles Image is green due to phosphor type used.

NVG Components (Gen 3)

Night Vision Goggles

Types of NVGs Direct View USAF AN/AVS-6 ( ANVIS) Indirect View Type I Type II Direct View USAF AN/AVS-6 ( ANVIS) Optical performance better Type used in HC-130/HH60 Ops. Indirect View Use of combiner glass to reflect image on HUD Less obstruction to pilots field of view

NVG Specifications LIMITS: VERTICAL MOTION- 19.5mm 16mm AN/AVS-6 AN/AVS-9 VERTICAL MOTION- 19.5mm 16mm FORE AND AFT- 15.8mm 16mm TILT- +/-5 degrees EYE SPAN- 51mm-72mm OBJECTIVE FOCUS- 254mm--> <61cm--> FIELD OF VIEW- 40 degrees MAGNIFICATION UNITY 1X WEIGHT- 500g 790g OPERATING TEMPERATURE- -25F to +125F STORAGE TEMPERATURE- -31F to +159F COST- BETWEEN $7500 and $8500

Visual Performance Vision limited while using NVGs Detection ranges increase Recognition of targets, terrain severly limited NVGs Do Not Turn Night Into Day !!

NVG Limitations Field of View (FOV) (peripheral vision) Current Type I NVGs, 40° FOV Current Type II NVGs 30° FOV Normal eye vision FOV 120° x 80° Resolution capability of 20/25 to 20/40 Snellen Exceeds eyes unaided night vision of 20/200 to 20/400

NVG Limitations Depth perception and distance estimation NVGs degrade capability of distance estimation NVGs will not correct for sight deficiencies. NVG use incurres loss of contrast and definition. Reduction in FOV requires aggressive visual scan technique.

NVG Rescue

FLIR Video

Questions ?

Welcome to the NVG Lab Review NVG Adjustment video Wear NVGs in the “visual test lane”