Section 2: Feudal Society

Part 1: Feudalism and Manors

Feudalism Governmental form which developed in response to invasion Based on rights and obligations

Feudal Terms Fiefs Lord Vassals Serfs land Landowner granted land in exchange for military service & protection Vassals person who received land and owed allegiance to lords Serfs people who could not lawfully leave the place where they were born landless peasants who worked the land

Draw a Feudal pyramid King Lords (Wealthy nobles and bishops) Knights (lesser nobles who were horsemen) Serfs (Majority)

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Social classes Rigid class structure Those who fought: Nobles and knights Those who prayed: Men & women of church Those who worked: Peasants Social class was usually inherited

Serfs

Serfs Serfs – bound to the land, could not leave where born Serfs are given strips of land in each of the three fields

Manors Lord’s estate Center of Economy Set of rights and obligations between lord and serf Lord provided land, housing, protection Serfs worked land & maintained estates Self-contained world

Self-sufficient community manor raised or provided most needs

Taxes Peasants paid taxes for privilege of living on Lord’s land grain ground at the mill marriage paid tithe

Living conditions crowded 1-2 room cottages diet of vegetables, bread, grains Life expectancy 35 years old

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Draw a Medieval Map Using your notes and textbook (p. 362) draw a medieval manor Your manor should include: Lord’s Manor House Church Serf’s Homes Three field system Mill Forests 20 Minutes

Part 2: Age of Chivalry

Warriors Armored horsemen Technology of warfare Saddle Stirrups

Feudal lords raised private armies to defend fief gave land to knights devoted life to war

MEDIEVAL KNIGHT

Knights obligated to fight battles pastimes revolved around training for war

Chivalry code of complex ideals devoted to lord, heaven, & lady

Knight’s training Sons of nobles began training at early age Age 7-page Age 14 –squire Age 21 could become knight tournaments – mock battles

Castles

Design of Castle

Castles circled by massive walls and guard towers dominated Countryside Fortress designed for defense against invaders

Literature of chivalry Topics idealized castle life glorified chivalry, tournaments, & battles

Love poems and songs Troubadours Poets & musicians at castle or court Composed verses & songs about chivalry

Role of women View of women Church viewed as inferior to men Knights (chivalry) elevated status

Noble women could inherit land could act as commander usually role limited to home or convent

Peasant women worked in home or fields raised family daughters taught home making