Characteristics of ANIMALS

ALL Animals are… Belong to the Eukarya Domain Are Eukaryotic- cells have a nucleus Multicellular- cells are specialized to carry out specific functions.

Use Energy through Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration- the process by which cells obtain energy from the foods that you eat! Cells break down food molecules and release the energy they contain!

Animals are Classified as: Vertebrates (having a backbone) Examples include fish, amphibians, birds, reptiles, and mammals. All vertebrates have an internal skeleton of bone and cartilage or just cartilage alone. In addition to a bony spinal column, all have a bony cranium surrounding the brain. Have several internal organs Invertebrates (not having a backbone) Examples include corals, sponges, sea urchins, starfish, sand dollars, worms, snails, clams, spiders, crabs, and insects More than 98% of animals are invertebrates; extremely diverse

Cold-Blooded vs. Warm-Blooded Ectotherms ENDOTHERMS Cold Blooded Ectothermic animals cannot regulate its own body temperature, so its body temperature fluctuates according to its surroundings. They warm their bodies by absorbing heat from their surroundings. Examples: Reptiles, Fish, Amphibians Warm Blooded Endothermic animals are those that must generate their own heat to maintain their body temperature. Organisms that generate heat internally to maintain a constant body temperature Examples: Mammals and Birds

Types of Symmetry Bilateral Symmetry (can be divided into right and left halves; nearly mirror images) Radial Symmetry (body parts arranged in a circle around a center point) Asymmetry (not symmetrical)

Asexual Reproduction in Animals budding Fragmentation A small part of the parent’s body develops into an independent organism. Examples: hydra, certain species of jellyfish, echinoderms, coral, tapeworms An organism breaks into two or more parts, each of which may grow into a separate individual. Examples: flatworms and starfish

Metamorphosis (Growth & Development) Incomplete metamorphosis Complete metamorphosis Ex: Grasshopper, dragonflies, crickets, cockroaches, ants, stinkbugs Ex: Beetles, butterflies, silworms, mealworms, ladybugs, moths, flies, mosquitoes

Locomotion and Respiration Different ways animals move (locomotion) Different methods of respiration (Breathing) Sponges and jellyfish lack specialized organs for gas exchange and take in gases directly from the surrounding water. Flatworms and annelids use their outer surfaces as gas exchange surfaces. Arthropods, annelids, and fish use gills. Terrestrial vertebrates utilize internal lungs . Legs (Walk) Limbless (Crawl) Fins (Swim) Wings (Fly) Tube Feet (Sea Stars) Tentacles (Squid, Octopi)