EARLY EUROPE & COLONIAL AMERICAS 1 ST HALF 200 – 1750 CE

Quick timeline reference from where we left off: Byzantine Style ( ): o Constantine recognized Christianity as the official religion o At the Fall of Rome – arrangements were made to divide the Western half (ruled from Rome) and the Eastern half (ruled from Byzantium – later named Constantinople after Constantine) o Western half fell to barbarian Dark Ages o Eastern art flourished with Christian art – creating a new set of Christian images and icons (derived though from Greek and Egyptian Art techniques) o Orthodox Christianity flourished during this time o Byzantine Style PANEL PAINTINGS: Panel painting originally began as a small-scale devotional icon carried and owned by the many. Progressed to multi-paneled, hung above an altar called an ALTARPIECE.

ACTIVITY – SILENT POLL TAKE A FEW STICKY NOTES AND A MARKER OR PEN JOT DOWN A FEW ANSWERS TO THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS (PUT YOUR ANSWERS ON DIFFERENT STICKYS) PLACE YOUR ANSWER ON THE QUESTION SHEET. THIS IS A SILENT POLL – NO DISCUSSION YET. QUESTIONS: WRITE DOWN ALL YOU KNOW ABOUT THE RENAISSANCE. (EACH FACT ON A DIFFERENT STICKY) WHAT DO YOU WANT TO LEARN ABOUT THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE (WRITE SOMETHING OTHER THAN “I DON’T CARE” OR “I DON’T KNOW”)

PAINTING MEDIUMS o Encaustic Style – using hot beeswax combined with pigments to apply to surface. o Tempera – another form of painting using egg yolk blended with water, pigments, & occasionally other materials such as glue. 14 th century material of choice, velvety sheen – but results in premature cracking & flaking o Fresco –pigments mixed with water then applied directly onto freshly laid lime-plaster surface. o Oil –mixing natural oils such as linseed, walnut, or poppy to bind the pigment. Slow dry time allows artists to blend on the surface.

Lamentation, by Giotto di Bondone, 1303 CE, located in the Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel, Padua, Italy, Fresco

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Triptych (3 panels) with window vantage point. Exploits middleclass objects with religious undertones.

ACTIVITY: INDIVIDUAL OBSERVATION (3 min.), SHARE WITHIN SMALL GROUPS (3 min.), RESEARCH TO CONFIRM (10 min.), DISCUSS WITH CLASS (5 min. each Panel) # Off 1’s, 2’s, & 3’s 1’s: Observe the Image on the Left Panel 2’s: Observe the Image on the Middle Panel 3’s: Observe the Image on the Right Panel

ACTIVITY: INDIVIDUAL OBSERVATION (3 min.), SHARE WITHIN SMALL GROUPS (3 min.), RESEARCH TO CONFIRM (10 min.), DISCUSS WITH CLASS (3 min. each Panel)

Left Panel Group Results:

Middle Panel Group Results:

Right Panel Group Results:

Abundance of Talented Artists Princely Courts o All had a “Court artist” Art Functioned as : o Evidence of princely culture & sophistication o Demonstration of wealth o Form of commemoration o Propaganda & public education o visual pleasure Spread of Humanism o Encouraged individual improvement (unlike medieval times) o Rewarded with fame and honor o Development of Printing press = Books

The Arnolfini Portrait, by Jan van Eyck Look up the areas of Symbolism listed below for the purpose within this painting. Include other areas of symbolism you find through your research. The Color Red: Statue of St. Margaret on bedpost: Single burning candle: Fruit on table & windowsill: Shoes removed: Dog: CONVEX MIRROR: Others?

David, by Donatello, (dated around) CE, bronze 1st recorded being in Medici palace in courtyard. Draws on classical tradition of heroic nudity (1 st since ancient times). Adolescent David stands jauntily upon Goliath’s head Symbol for the Independent Florentine Republic

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Birth of Venus, by Sandro Botticelli, CE, tempera on panel, approx. 5' 8" x 9' 1". Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence **PAINTING KNOWN FOR IT’S GRACEFUL LINEARITY! **COMMISSIONED BY THE MEDICI FAMILY

Using your Google Chrome Books, look up and read the Poem by Angelo Poliziano, that inspired Sandro Botticelli to create the Birth of Venus painting for the Medici Family. *Discussion to Follow

ACTIVITY – SILENT POLL FOLLOW UP TAKE A FEW STICKY NOTES AND A MARKER OR PEN JOT DOWN A FEW ANSWERS TO THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS (PUT YOUR ANSWERS ON DIFFERENT STICKYS) PLACE YOUR ANSWER ON THE QUESTION SHEET. THIS IS A SILENT POLL – NO DISCUSSION YET. QUESTIONS: AFTER TODAY’S LESSON - WRITE DOWN ALL YOU KNOW SO FAR ABOUT THE RENAISSANCE. (EACH FACT ON A DIFFERENT STICKY)