Principals of Animal Diseases Animal Science II

Causes Infectious Noninfectious Caused by microorganisms Faulty nutrition Metabolic disorder Trauma Toxic substance Congenital defects Birth defects

Cattle Brucellosis Shipping fever Abortions in last ½ of pregnancy Afterbirth retention Sterility Animal must be destroyed Shipping fever Coughing, diarrhea, fever, discharge Common in young animals Shipping stress Antibiotics and sulfa drugs

Brucellosis

Shipping Fever

Swine Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) Virus (highly contagious) 100% mortality in young pigs Vomiting, diarrhea White, yellow or green feces Drugs and vaccines not effective http://www.vet.purdue.edu/swine/neod.htm

TGE

Swine Pseudorabies Virus Fever, vomiting, convulsions, tremors Sudden death in young pigs 24hrs after symptoms appear Drugs and vaccines not effective

Pseudorabies

Swine http://www.thepigsite.com/DiseaseInfo/ Brucellosis Cholera (eradicated in the US) Scours Drugs for drinking water Leptospirosis MMA Mycoplasmal pneumonia SMEDI http://www.thepigsite.com/DiseaseInfo/

Poultry Aortic rupture Male turkeys 8 to 20 weeks Bleed to death Control Lower-energy ration Low-level use of tranquilizers

Poultry Newcastle Avian pox (Fowl pox) Virus Gasping for air, sneezing, breathing difficulty, tremors, paralysis No known cure Avian pox (Fowl pox) Yellow cankers in mouth and eyes Scabs around the head

Newcastle disease

Poultry Cocidiosis Bluecomb Blackhead Fowl cholera Erysipelas Controlled by coccidiostats Bluecomb Blackhead Fowl cholera Erysipelas Antibiotics

Treatment Prevention is the best way to control diseases Cleanliness Vaccinations Quarantine Exposure Isolation

Parasites Objective Describe the internal and external parasites of livestock and poultry

Parasites External Ticks Mites Lice bloodsuckers mange Biting bloodsuckers

Parasites External (continued) Blowfly Heel fly Horn fly Screwworm in larva stage Heel fly Cattle grub Horn fly Smallest, bloodsucking species Horsefly, housefly, stable fly

Parasites Internal Roundworms Stomach worms Ascarids Pinworms Bloodworms Lungworms

Parasites Internal (continued) Tapeworms Flukes Broad tapeworms Beef or pork tapeworm Flukes

Parasite Problems Weight loss and loss of gain Most costly excluding death Major external parasite of swine Lice and mites External parasites of poultry Lower production by sucking blood

Parasite Problems Heel Fly larva or Cattle grubs Greatest financial loss to cattle Lower rate of gain Damage hides and meat

Parasite Problems Major internal parasite of poultry Roundworm Several types of worms Roundworm Most damage to hogs by internal parasites

Controlling Parasites Prevention Most effective Chemicals for external parasites Systematic insecticides that spread throughout the body is most effective Cattle grubs

Controlling Parasites Deworming pigs Sows and guilts one week befor farrowing Protects piglets

Controlling Parasites Poultry Houses Mites, bedbugs, fowl ticks hide in daylight Emerge at night Cracks and crevices must be sprayed

Controlling Parasites Poultry Little problems with worms Confinement housing offers protection Wire cage

Controlling Parasites Chemical, mechanical, biological, and cultural methods are used to reduce loss in poultry and livestock