The fate of the candy bar How do you think these candy bars turn into energy? Do you remember what organelle is responsible for changing food energy into chemical energy in ALL cells?

Cellular Respiration – 2 types 1. Anaerobic (without oxygen) a) Glycolysis b) Fermentation 2. Aerobic (with oxygen) a) Kreb's cycle b) Electron transport system

1. Anaerobic (without oxygen) a) Glycolysis Sugar is broken down Takes place in cytoplasm in the cell Input: 1 glucose (6 carbon molecule) 2 ATP (NAD+) Output: 2 pyruvates (3 carbon molecules) 4 ATP - Net gain of 2 ATP’s NADH

b) Fermentation (still in cytoplasm!) Input: Pyruvates Output: Ethyl alcohol or lactic acid CO 2 NAD+ (can now be used in Glycolysis again!) Examples Yeast in baking Production of beer, wine, alcohol

2. Aerobic (with oxygen) a) Kreb's cycle (aka Citric Acid Cycle) Takes place in matrix of mitochondria Input: 2 pyruvate Output: 4 CO 2 2 ATP NADH and FADH 2

b) Electron transport system Occurs on cristae of mitochondria As electrons move, energy is given off Produces most ATP! Input: O 2 Output: H ATP! Including Glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle 36 ATP’s Produced!

Glycolysis Fermentation Kreb’s Cycle Electron Transport System w/out Oxygen w/ Oxygen

Where does this all happen? Glycolysis _____________ Krebs Cycle ___________ Electron Transport Chain ___________ Fermentation ___________

How many net ATP are made? Glycolysis _____ Krebs ____ ETC ____ Fermentation ____

PhotosynthesisCell Respiration Where?ChloroplastsMitochondria When?Presence of lightAll the time InputCO 2 & H 2 0Glucose & O 2 OutputGlucose & O 2 CO 2 & H 2 0 Energy Source LightChemical bonds Energy Result Energy storedEnergy released Animal or Plant Plants onlyBoth!