Colleen Fasone Erica LaPersonerie Mario Gil Chanell Rogers Angel Medina Courtnie White Simelly Mata Cataloging Bioacoustic and Anthropogenic Sounds at Pier 40 Mentors and Supervisors Cathy Drew J.T. Boehm Jedtsada Laucharoen Alex Harding Chris Anderson The River Project At Pier 40

KEY TERMS Hydrophone : a device which receives underwater sound waves and converts them into electric waves. Anthropogenic : referring to environmental alternations resulting from the presence or activities of humans. Bioacoustics : the study of the relation between living organisms and sound. Soniferous : sound making Spectrogram : a graph that plots frequency, time, and amplitude. Frequency Amplitude

Introduction Only the uppermost layer receives sunlight so it is not easy for fish to see Only the uppermost layer receives sunlight so it is not easy for fish to see Fish have poor eyesight Fish have poor eyesight This leaves them to rely on senses other than sight. This leaves them to rely on senses other than sight. One of these now vital senses is hearing One of these now vital senses is hearing

Intro continued Utilization of Sound and Hearing NavigationMating Expressing aggression FeedingCommunication

Intro continued Frequency Number of waves passing a given point in a given amount of time Higher frequency, higher pitch Lower frequency, lower pitch Measured in hertz Amplitude The size of a wave passing a certain point The higher the amplitude, the higher the power The power is the amount of pressure generated by the amplitude Power is perceived as loudness Measured in decibels Measured in decibels

Intro continued Passive Acoustic Technologies Technologies that enable us to listen to and record underwater sounds Technologies that enable us to listen to and record underwater sounds Allows researchers to identify, record, and study underwater animals with the absence of visual information Allows researchers to identify, record, and study underwater animals with the absence of visual information Such technology has existed for decades, but has been recently put to new use Such technology has existed for decades, but has been recently put to new use

The Purpose To record and catalogue marine sounds in the Hudson River

Methods and Materials Trapping Water Quality Recording

Water Quality and Trapping Water Quality and Trapping

Recording Recording 1.The hydrophone and headphones were both plugged into a cassette tape recorder 2.The hydrophone was submerged into water and then left under water for an hour, while recording 3.The recordings were uploaded, segmented, and then made into spectrograms 4.Duplicated segments were filtered, and/or amplified (if needed) Some instruments used:

Results

Anthropogenic and Bioacoustic sounds Anthropogenic and Bioacoustic sounds

Spectrogram of the Striped Cusk Eel

Spectrogram of Oyster Toad Fish

Circle Line Dock Water taxi

Motor Boat Creak Jet-Ski

Ferry Zephyr Fire boat

Discussion

Conclusion Many anthropogenic sounds and bioacoustics sound have been recorded as a range of frequency, instead of at one particular pitch Many anthropogenic sounds and bioacoustics sound have been recorded as a range of frequency, instead of at one particular pitch Higher amplitudes can not only confuse fish, but even change their behavior Higher amplitudes can not only confuse fish, but even change their behavior

References Clark, April 10 th, 2000 “underwater noise” Clark, April 10 th, 2000 “underwater noise” Costa, Hayes, December 13 th 2001, “underwater acoustics pollution” Costa, Hayes, December 13 th 2001, “underwater acoustics pollution” Dr. Rountree- Fish Ecology- Listening to Fish Dr. Rountree- Fish Ecology- Listening to Fish Fay Edds –Walton, October”, 2000, “Frequency response of auditory brown stem units and toadfish (opsanas tan) Fay Edds –Walton, October”, 2000, “Frequency response of auditory brown stem units and toadfish (opsanas tan) Haynes,frisch- “an illustrated guide to Hudson River Fish- March 1993 Haynes,frisch- “an illustrated guide to Hudson River Fish- March 1993 Parker-MC Graw Hill Dictionary of scientific and technical terms 1994 Parker-MC Graw Hill Dictionary of scientific and technical terms 1994 Poland fish, Marie. “the production of underwater sound by the northern seahorse, hippocampus hudsonias. Copeia, vol. 1953, No.2 (May,29,1953) pp Poland fish, Marie. “the production of underwater sound by the northern seahorse, hippocampus hudsonias. Copeia, vol. 1953, No.2 (May,29,1953) pp Stanne, Panetta,” The Hudson- an illustrated guide to the living river.(1996) Stanne, Panetta,” The Hudson- an illustrated guide to the living river.(1996) Wenz, G.M “Acoustic Ambient Noise in the Ocean: Spectra and Sources. Journal of the Acoustics Society of America”, 34, Wenz, G.M “Acoustic Ambient Noise in the Ocean: Spectra and Sources. Journal of the Acoustics Society of America”, 34,

Acknowledgements Cathy Drew Cathy Drew J.T. Boehm J.T. Boehm Jedtsada Laucharoen Jedtsada Laucharoen Alex Harding Alex Harding Chris Anderson Chris Anderson Dr. Sat Dr. Sat

Harlem Children Society Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Mr. Edward Irwin (Freeport High School) Mr. Edward Irwin (Freeport High School) Ms. Thompson ( Gregorio Luperon High School) Ms. Thompson ( Gregorio Luperon High School)

And you for listening! Thank you!