Diversity of Living Organisms

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Presentation transcript:

Diversity of Living Organisms Classification Diversity of Living Organisms

How Classification Has Changed Taxonomy Began with Linneaus (1700s) Used primarily physical characteristics Cladistics Shows evolutionary relationships Evidence includes: geographic distribution, DNA evidence, fossil record

How taxonomy works Did King Philip Come over for Good Soup? Which taxon is more inclusive? Which taxon is least inclusive?

Provides a naming system Binominal nomenlature: Genus species or Genus species

Think…Pair…Share Time Which taxon contains greater diversity? Order or Family? Explain. Who is more closely related? Explain. Ursus americanas and Ursus arctos Ursus arctos or Lepitus arctos

What is the “Did”? Domain: A taxon that was added that is more inclusive than Kingdom. Separates bacteria into two kingdoms groups and places everything else in one large group: Archaea Bacteria Eukarya

Challenge! Archae means “ancient”. Is this a good name for Archaebacteria? As you research the 3 domains and six kingdoms you will gather evidence to explain why or why not!

6 Kingdom Model: Let’s fill in the top of our graphic organizer!

Group Challenge Using the various biology books provided in the classroom, you will fill in the graphic organizer to show the key characteristics of one kingdom. Then we will share!!! The next set of slides explain what each of the characteristics you will find are.

Energy Use Organisms must obtain energy… How do they get their energy? Autotroph…most use sunlight “photo” Heterotroph: Ingestion Decomposition How do they use their energy (respiration)? Aerobic Anaerobic

Organization of Genetic Material Nucleus and Organelles Eukaryotic Membrane bound organelles Prokaryotic Organization of DNA within the nucleus Introns: Non-coding regions of DNA (used to be called “junk” Histones: Proteins which DNA is wrapped around!

Organization at the cellular level # of Cells: Unicellular Colonial Multicellular Cell Wall Do all members have a cell wall? What material is the cell wall made of?

Reproduction and Motility Life Cycle Are the organisms primarily sexual or asexual? Are there any special details about their life cycle? Motility Do the organisms have structures specialized for movement?

After we share… What other things seem to group your organisms?

Think…Pair…Share challenge Protista problem! The protista kingdom is problematic. It doesn’t fit the model well. What problems are there with the current structure of the protista kingdom?

How might this model solve the protista problem?

Pair Challenge! Use your graphic organizers to determine which kingdom each organism in the kingdom scavenger hunt belongs to! As you are doing that, keep in mind which characteristics help define a kingdom!

Individual Challenge: Highlight which characteristics are most important to identifying each kingdom. Do you have to “memorize” the kingdom graphic organizer?

Assessment Kingdom Project Discussion Critical Thinking: Choosing a theme and find a model organism from each kingdom that fits the theme. Review of Kingdoms: Identify how each model organism belongs to its assigned kingdom. Product: Exhibit…can you make it interactive?!?...to show your work!