人教新课标版选修八 Unit 2 Cloning Using Language

The return of Dinosaurs?

霸王龙 tyrannosaurus 剑龙 stegosaurs 雷龙 brontosaurus 翼龙 pterodactyl

Look at the following pictures and think which film they are from.

1. Have you ever seen the film Jurassic Park? Why do people like this film? What animals do you see in the film? Are they real?

2. Do you like dinosaurs? Can you see them in our real life? Why? 3. Do you think it is possible to clone dinosaurs? If not, why? If yes, do you think that ’ s good for human beings? Why?

Arrange according to time. 5. research using the embryos of mice 4. first experimental clones of cows 8. first experimental clones of mice 7. work on the embryos of sheep and mice 2. China’s first cloned twin calves 3. cloing of frogs 6. first clone of a mammal 1. cow gave birth to a bison

1.Scientists are still experimenting with cloning mammals because they think it can make money. 2.The animals that have disappeared from the earth, like dinosaurs, can be brought back to life through cloning. 3. If we can clone any extinct animals, we should let them live in a zoo. F F F True or False

1.The writer of the text _____. A. is excited by the possibility of cloning fierce and extinct animals B. believes that extinct animals can be brought back to life by cloning C. thinks it impossible or unsuitable to clone extinct animals like dinosaurs D. dreams of dinosaurs returning to the earth Choose the best answer. C

2. The film Jurassic Park is popular because _______. A. people are interested in the subject of cloning B. all the actors are dinosaurs C. it was directed by a scientist who clones dinosaurs D. it proves very interesting A

3. Which of the following is true? A. Mice were cloned in B. Dolly the sheep was the first cloned animal. C. The name of the cloned cow is “Bison”. D. China was successful in cloning mammals. D

4. The reasons why a group of cloned animals all die of the same illness do NOT include ____. A. they have the same arrangement of genes B. there isn’t enough diversity in the group for it to overcome illnesses C. the illness is a new one D. their arrangement of genes can not resist that new disease C

5. We can infer from the text that ____. A. scientists are experimenting to clone dinosaurs B. dinosaurs will never return to the earth C. cloned animals will only live in the zoo D. the DNA of dinosaurs can only survive years B

Read the text and answer the questions. 1.Why should’t you clone an extinct animal unless there is enough diversity in the group? There will not be enough genetic variation in the group to be able to resist new illnesses.

2. Why is it wrong to clone an extinct animal if it would live in a zoo? It is not a good idea to clone an animal that would live in a zoo because it is not a suitable habitat to develop and increase its numbers.The zoo is not a natural environment for a wild animal.

3. Why can’t you clone the DNA of animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years? The DNA of animals more than 10,000 years old is not suitable for cloning, for it can’t survive so long.

Give some reasons why it is either impossible or unsuitable to clone extinct animals. Reason 1: Reason 2: Reason 3: You need perfect DNA. There is not enough diversity for cloned animals to overcome new diseases. It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they would have to live in a zoo.

Advantage of diversityDisadvantage of diversity Diversity in a group of cloned animals If there is a new illness, some of these animals may die, but others will survive and passed on the ability to resist that disease to their children. They would all have the same arrangement of genes and so they might all die of the same disease.

People interested in Not only film makers but also _________________. ________ for its impossibility Perfect DNA is needed. There is not enough ________ in the group. A (n) ______________ would be needed for the cloned extinct animals. ordinary people Reasons diversity suitable habitat __________The chance of dinosaurs returning to the earth is ______________. Conclusion merely a dream Careful Reading

Choose synonyms 1. It proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and exitment into people’s hearts. A. Have on the brain B. Confused C. Droved people crazy D. Scared 2. From time to time people suggest that extinct animals… A.There was a time when B. Occasionally C. All the time D. Each time A B

3. People suggest that dinosaurs, can possibly be brought back to life. A. Kept up B. resist C. live on D. relived 4. The initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA. A. Most thankful B. most pressing C. most difficult D. most needed D D

5. All efforts of cloing an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity. A. Go to wast B. useless C. helpless D. meaningless 6. Others will pass on the ability to resist that disease. A. oppose B. slide C. hire D. indicate B A

7. The chance of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth is merely a dream. A. only B. surely C. abruptly D. miserably A

1. The popularity of the film Jurassic Park, in which a scientist clones several different kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people’s heart. 电影侏罗纪公园的受欢迎证实了普通人对 这一话题是多么感兴趣, 在该电影中一位 科学家克隆了几种不同的绝种恐龙。 本句是一个复合句, in which 引导非限制 性定语从句, 修饰 “the film”; how 引导宾语 从句, 作 prove 的宾语。 Language Points

Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _____ people were eaten by the tiger. (05, 广东 ) A. in which B. by which C. which D. that 解析 : 答案 A 。题意为 “ 很多看过这部电影的人, 当回想到人被老虎吃掉的情景时, 就不敢去森林 了 ” 。本题考查 “ 介词 + 关系代词 ” 引导的定语从 句。 “people were eaten by the tiger” 是定语从句, 先行词 the scenes 在定语从句中作地点状语, 表示 “ 在这种场景中 ” 所以选 A 。 A

popular adj.  popularity n. strike v. 打 ; 撞击 ; 罢工 strike… into one’s heart 使 …… 刻骨铭心 He struck a knife into the traitor’s heart. 他将刀戳入卖国贼的心脏。 2. Do/make/carry out/perform an experiment on/in/with… 做 …… 实验，对 …… 做实验

3. from time to time 有时；偶尔；时常 4. bring back to life 使复生 区别 : bring back to life 与 come to life bring back to life 是从某个事情中, 给唤回 到现实生活中, 比如, 从睡梦中醒来, 有点 恍然大悟的意思, 或者是从生死关头逃离出来 幸好得以保命之类 ; 而 come to life 指出生, 有生 以来。

5. but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. 1) pass on…to… 传递 ; 留给 Would you pass it on to the next person? 把它传给下一个人好吗 ? 2) resist vt. 抵抗，反抗；抗拒 The nation was unable to resist the invasion. 该国无力抵抗侵略。

6. Based on what we know now, you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years. 就我们现在所知, 你不可能克隆那些已经绝种了 一万年以上的动物。 Based on what we know now 是过去分词短语 作状语, 其逻辑主语一般和句子的主语相一致。

_____ by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. (07, 浙江 ) A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven 解析 : 答案 A 。题意为 “ 由于受到更大的蔬菜量 需求的推动, 农民修建了更多的温室 ” 。根据 by, 应用被动, 排除 C 和 D 。根据后边的完成时态, 驱动力已经有了, 不是正在推动, 故选 A 。 A

Fill in the blanks with the words given. 1. She was ___________ by her husband’s death. 2. My uncle comes to have dinner with us ________________. 3. He has been working so hard at his lessons, so he ____________ pass the exam this time. 4. Finally his efforts __________. 5. All of them were strongly _____________ the project. cast down from time to time cast down pay off in favour of from time to time be bound to is bound to paid off in favour of

Is cloning cruel? Listen and see whether you agree with Xiao Qing or Rachel.

1 Read these statements before listening. Tick those that you hear. □ 1. Cloning will bring dead pets to life. □ 2. There were 627 experiments before Dolly was successfully cloned. □ 3. Cloning may help cure serious illnesses. □ 4. It’s a dead end. □ 5. Dolly the sheep was “middle-aged” when she was born. □ 6. So your grandmother would be able to start her life all over again and live much longer. √ √ √ √

2 Listen to the tape again and then fill in the chart. Mary’s ideas about cloning cruel to animals makes them do unnatural things it is a “dead end” weakens the species

Xiao Qing’s ideas about cloning scientists are doing a wonderful job may bring people’s favourite pets back to life problems because it is a new science it may provide cures for serious illnesses

Listening task on Page Listen to the tape for the first time. Keys: 1 O 2 O 3 F 4 O 5 F 6 O 7 F 8 O 9 O 10 F

3 Listen to the tape for the second time. Keys: 1. He wants to make his mother happy by keeping her pet dog alive forever and he also wants to take the chance to America for holiday when the dog is being cloned there. 2. Frank doesn’t agree with cloning because he thinks cloning is very expensive and it has many moral problems.

3. Billy’s mother is in favour of cloning. She is saving money to go to America to have her pet dog cloned just before it dies. 4. Various answers are possible.

Arguments for cloning pets Arguments against cloning pets 1. It is very expensive to clone a pet. 2. It is selfish because it is an excuse for a holiday. 3. It is selfish because it means the student can study abroad without his mother complaining. 1. It is moral to make my mother happy. 2. It can provide an excuse for a holiday abroad. 3. My mother will need her pet when I am away. 4Listen to the tape again. Finish the following chart.

Workbook Reading task A DEBATE

“Medical cloning” is a medical cure using cells from an embryo to cure very serious illnesses. The idea is to take healthy cells from a patient and create copies that can be used to repair damaged or diseased parts of the patient. In theory, medical cloning will be very useful for curing patients but a large amount of research is organized by the government and is strictly controlled. Background

The research can Create cloned human cells (but not older than 14 days) Be used to better understand early human development Be used to help with genetic diseases of old age Be used for transplants for incurable conditions without the problem of transplant rejection

While having a debate, several things to remember: The person who is leading the team that supports the topic will speak first. The person who is leading the team that disagrees with the topic will speak next. Then other people can take turns to speak in a free discussion. Everyone must listen when other people are speaking.

No one can be rude to other speakers and must always talk to the chairman. The chairperson will stop anyone who repeats arguments that have already been made. Anyone can reply to another person’s argument.

TeamWhat’s their argument? Two reasons for / against medical cloning AFor medical cloning BAgainst medical cloning Read the arguments above and fill in the chart. (Page 59)

Team A: two reasons for medical cloning 1.To cure serious illnesses that have no cure at the moment 2. to help people who have diseases which make them gradually lose their ability to move easily or to think Team B: two reasons against medical cloning 1.To make the stem cells that will cure an illness of one person, you have to Kill another human being. 2. Scientists are worried about the efficiency of the system.

Language Points 1.It is a sort of competition with a chairperson in charge to make sure of fair play. 它是一种竞赛, 由主持人负责确保竞争的公平。 in charge: 主管, 领导, 负责, 处于领导或管理 的职位 the security agent in charge at the airport. 机场保安部的负责人

2. After that, the issue can be discussed by anyone in the room one at a time. 然后, 房间里的每个人都可以对问题进行讨论， 每次只能有一人发言。 at a time 依次, 逐一, 每次 Don’t try to do everything at once, take it a bit at a time. 不要什么事情都一块干, 要一次做一点。 Take the pills two at a time. 每次服 2 粒。 at one time 一度, 从前 At one time I used to go skiing every winter. 我有一段时间每到冬天就去滑雪。 At one time they met frequently. 一度他们经常 见面。

3. If you believe that human life comes into existence as soon as the cells start to grow, then the practice of removing human stem cells from an embryo kills it. 如果你认为人的生命从细胞开始生长的 时候就开始存在的话, 那么从胚胎中提取 人类干细胞的行为就是杀人。

写作任务 : Give your opinion on cloning 写作要求 : 注意记叙文的表达方式 要写明白自己的观点, 层次要分明。 写作建议 : 本单元主要讲述了 “cloning” 存在的 问题以及人们的态度, 文中可适当就此进行发挥。

Writing – I Discussion ( 5ms ) Discuss in groups and write down the information you get. After the discussion, the students write a passage according to the writing task. (There are at least 100 words.) Writing – II ( 20ms )

Writing – III ( 12 ms ) Checking the articles. 1. Ask the students to check the articles for their partners. 2. Show some articles on the screen, other students should give some advice.

Together with the modern advances in science and technology, the news that Dolly had been born was announced in However, Dolly’s death raised many opinions about cloning. Personally, I would like to agree that cloning may do no good to our human beings. One possible version

Firstly, seeing Dolly, we may think that cloning animals can easily develop a disease. They can’t live long. Secondly, we can’t clone animals that have been extinct longer than years, even if the DNA of dinosaurs could survive this long. Thirdly, based on what we know now, human cloning is just a matter of time.

But the assumption that human clones have already been born hasn’t been proved yet. In one word, personally, the chances of cloning animals and cloning human beings living on the earth naturally are merely a dream.