Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p. 478-482 1 Sections 1 -3 Properties of Acids & Bases Acid-Base Theories Acid-Base Reactions MODERN CHEMISTRY.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p Sections 1 -3 Properties of Acids & Bases Acid-Base Theories Acid-Base Reactions MODERN CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 14 ACIDS AND BASES

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p Section 14.3 Acid-Base Reactions

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p  Base: the species that remains after a Bronsted-Lowry acid has given up a proton  Acid: the species that remains after a Bronsted-Lowry base has gained a proton  Differ only by a H + C0njugate Acid-Base Pairs NH 3(aq) + H 2 O (l)  NH 4 + (aq) + OH - (aq) Conjugate BASE ACID BASE Conjugate ACID NH 3(aq) + H 2 O (l)  NH 4 + (aq) + OH - (aq)

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p p. xx Conjugates

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p  The stronger an acid is, the weaker its conjugate base  The stronger an base is, the weaker its conjugate acid Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p Relative Strengths p. 485

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p  Any species that can react as either an acid or a base.  Example: water Amphoteric Compounds NH 3(aq) + H 2 O (l)  NH 4 + (aq) + OH - (aq) HF (aq) + H 2 O (l)  F - (aq) + H 3 O + (aq) ACID BASE

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p p. xx Amphoteric Water

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p p. xx The Many Colors of Milk of Magnesia

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p  The reaction of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions to form water molecules. Neutralization Reactions HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq)  NaCl (aq) + HOH (l) ACID + BASE  SALT + WATER H + +Cl - + Na + +OH -  Na + +Cl - + HOH H + (aq) + OH - (aq)  HOH (aq) Glencoe Disc 3

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p  Salt – an ionic compound composed of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid Neutralization Reactions HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq)  NaCl (aq) + HOH (l) ACID + BASE  SALT + WATER Glencoe Disc 3

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p p. xx Neutralization Reaction

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p p. xx The Rainbow Tube

Chapter 14 Section 2 Acid-Base Theories p Ch 14 Sec 3 Homework Chapter 14 Review page #1,2,5,7,8,9,12,15,20,22,23,26bc