Responses to the Industrial Revolution

FACTORY SYSTEM PROBLEM Working conditions in factories and coal mines were dangerous and unhealthy

FACTORY SYSTEM RESPONSE Utopianism – trying to create the perfect society Laws established to protect workers

FACTORY SYSTEM EXAMPLES/PEOPLE – Robert Owen Utopian community in the town of New Lanark

URBANIZATION PROBLEM Cities were crowded, dangerous, and unhealthy

URBANIZATION RESPONSE Cities cleaned up Water supply cleaned Food made safer Soup kitchens established Police forces formed

URBANIZATION EXAMPLES/PEOPLE Public Health Act of 1875 London’s Metropolitan Police Force established in 1829

CLASS STRUCTURE PROBLEM Capitalism = Unequal distribution of wealth Exploitation of workers

CLASS STRUCTURE RESPONSES Workingmen’s Association created Socialist political parties created

CLASS STRUCTURE EXAMPLES/PEOPLE Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels – Communist Manifesto Great Britain’s Labour Party

CHILD LABOR PROBLEM Children worked long hours in poor and dangerous conditions in the factory

CHILD LABOR RESPONSE Working hours limited by acts of Parliament Children sent to schools

CHILD LABOR EXAMPLES/PEOPLE REFORM ACT OF 1832 Also gave voting rights to workers ALTHORP’S ACT OF 1833 FACTORY ACT OF 1842

WORKERS’ RIGHTS PROBLEM Wages were low No medical insurance or pensions Conditions were bad

WORKERS’ RIGHTS RESPONSE Labor unions created General strikes by all workers Laws for workers’ rights

WORKERS’ RIGHTS EXAMPLES/PEOPLE 1824 – LABOR UNIONS ALLOWED TO EXIST IN GREAT BRITAIN