Formal Organizations Unit 3: Socialization
Formal Organizations We spend most of our lives interacting with secondary groups Formal organization : large, complex secondary group that has been established to achieve specific goals Examples?
Bureaucracy Many formal organizations are structured in a form called bureaucracy Bureaucracy: a ranked authority structure that operates according to specific rules and procedures
Bureaucracy Weber believed bureaucracies arise in industrial societies because of an increasing tendency towards rationalization Examples?
Weber’s Model of Bureaucracies Division of Labor Ranking of Authority Employment Based on Formal Qualifications Rules and Regulations Specific Lines of Promotion and Advancement
Bureaucracies Pros? Cons?
Bureaucracies: Pros Things get done quickly and efficiently Can achieve large-scale goals High level of production Create order clearly defined job tasks and rewards
Bureaucracies: Cons Idea of self-continuation goals of individuals get lost Bureaucratic personalities form loss of creativity “Red Tape” causes delays Tendency to result in oligarchies
Bureaucracies Power tends to concentrate in the hands of a few people They use their power to promote their own interests Sociologist Robert Michels calls this the iron law of oligarchy the tendency of organizations to become increasingly dominated by small groups of people