Learners' Dictionaries Oxford1948 Longman1978 Collins COBUILD1987 Macmillan2002 Macmillan2008 (bilingualized) Merriam-Webster2008 Jackson, Howard. 2002.

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Learners' Dictionaries Oxford1948 Longman1978 Collins COBUILD1987 Macmillan2002 Macmillan2008 (bilingualized) Merriam-Webster2008 Jackson, Howard Lexicography: An Introduction. London: Routledge.

Longman (1978) Innovations 1. Limited language for definitions (about 2000 words) 2. Computer cross-check to verify (1) or tag as beyond Improved grammatical information tagging / coding Jackson, Howard Lexicography: An Introduction. London: Routledge, pp

Collins-COBUILD (1987) Innovations 1. Based on a corpus of English 2. Corpus allowed investigation of actual senses (KWIC) and frequency 3. Frequency 4. Special Features Jackson, Howard Lexicography: An Introduction. London: Routledge, p. 131.

Macmillan (2002) Innovations 1. Two colors 2. Entry index 3. Limited defining vocabulary 4. Frequency

COBUILD Frequency Bands StarsFrequency 5 first 700 4next next next next 8100 total 14,700