What do all of these have in common?
This is happening inside you right now!
Organic Compounds Macromolecules Ideas that I recommend you include in your notes will be in red.
Organic Compounds Is a compound that contains carbon. The word organic means “of living things” (It does NOT mean better for you!)
Properties of Organic Compounds Low melting points Low boiling points Can be solid, liquid, or gas Have strong odors Do not conduct electric currents Do not dissolve well in water
Why Carbon? It forms a total of four bonds As a result, carbon can form single, double, or triple bonds. Single Bond Double Bond Triple Bond
Carbon Chains Carbon can form straight chains, branched chains, or rings, giving living things the possibility of all different shapes.
Elements that make up all the molecules of living things –Carbon –Hydrogen –Oxygen –Nitrogen –Sulfur –Phosphorus –Always remember CHONPS C hase H as O ne N ew P urple S weater
Molecules that make up living things: Nucleic acids Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Long organic molecules made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and phosphorus. Their monomer (simplest form) is called a nucleotide. Nucleic acids contain the instructions that cells need to carry out the functions of life. Examples: DNA and RNA
DNA Most of the DNA is found in the nucleus, and contains all the information that the cell requires to perform its functions. A only joins with T C only joins with G
RNA RNA codes for making proteins and can be found in the cytoplasm and the nucleus.
Click to play Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
Energy rich compound made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The monomer is called a saccharide. Carbohydrates provide energy for the cell, and are components of some cell parts. (cellulose in cell walls) Examples: starch, table sugar, pasta, rice.
Click to play Carbohydrates
Lipids
Energy rich compounds made of carbon hydrogen and oxygen. The monomer is called fatty acid. Lipids act as energy storage for the cell, and also make up most of the cell membrane. Examples: fats, oils and waxes.
Click to play Lipids
Proteins
Large molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen oxygen, nitrogen, and in some cases sulfur. The monomer is called aminoacid. Proteins form parts of the cell membrane and form most of the organelles. Proteins also regulate growth and development; transport oxygen and other substances and increase rate of chemical reactions that occur within a cell.
Click to play Proteins
Questions to ponder What have you eaten today to help your cells grow and build organelles? If both carbohydrates and fats provide energy, why is it that you get a sugar high, but not a fat high?