H 2 O CO 2 NH 3 [NO 3 ] - Formal Charge: FC = V – (N + B/2)

H 2 O CO 2 NH 3 [NO 3 ] - Formal Charge: FC = V – (N + B/2)

Formal Charge: Oxygen FC: 6 – (4+2) = 0 Hydrogens FC: 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen FC: 6 – (4+2) = 0 Hydrogens FC: 1 – (0+1) = 0 H 2 O CO 2 NH 3 [NO 3 ] -

Formal Charge: H 2 O CO 2 NH 3 [NO 3 ] -

Formal Charge: Oxygens FC: 6 – (4+2) = 0 Carbon FC: 4 – (0+4) = 0 Oxygens FC: 6 – (4+2) = 0 Carbon FC: 4 – (0+4) = 0 H 2 O CO 2 NH 3 [NO 3 ] -

Formal Charge: Hydrogen FC: 1 – (0+1) = 0 Nitrogen FC: 5 – (2+3) = 0 Hydrogen FC: 1 – (0+1) = 0 Nitrogen FC: 5 – (2+3) = 0 H 2 O CO 2 NH 3 [NO 3 ] -

Formal Charge: Oxygen Top FC: 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygens on Bottom FC: 6 – (6+1) = -1 Nitrogen FC: 5 – (0+4) = +1 Oxygen Top FC: 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygens on Bottom FC: 6 – (6+1) = -1 Nitrogen FC: 5 – (0+4) = +1 H 2 O CO 2 NH 3 [NO 3 ] -

Assignment: H 2 CO [CN] - [ClO 3 ] - Draw the Lewis Dot Structure then determine the formal charge for each atom in the molecule.

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule Octet Rule is just a RULE OF THUMB, not a law of Chemistry Lewis Structures are Limited 2D drawings. Molecular Orbital Theory is more robust Octet Rule is just a RULE OF THUMB, not a law of Chemistry Lewis Structures are Limited 2D drawings. Molecular Orbital Theory is more robust

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule Octet Rule works great for C, N, O, F and Halogens but Once you get to row/energy level 3 on the periodic table you get D shells and the Octet rule doesn’t necessarily apply. Octet Rule works great for C, N, O, F and Halogens but Once you get to row/energy level 3 on the periodic table you get D shells and the Octet rule doesn’t necessarily apply.

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule Compare the Formal Charge

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule Compare the Formal Charge Sulfur: Hydrogen-L Hydrogen-R Oxygen-L Oxygen-R Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: Hydrogen-L Hydrogen-R Oxygen-L Oxygen-R Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: Hydrogen-L Hydrogen-R Oxygen-L Oxygen-R Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: Hydrogen-L Hydrogen-R Oxygen-L Oxygen-R Oxygen-T Oxygen-B

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule Compare the Formal Charge Sulfur: 6 – (0 +4) = +2 Hydrogen-L Hydrogen-R Oxygen-L Oxygen-R Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: 6 – (0 +4) = +2 Hydrogen-L Hydrogen-R Oxygen-L Oxygen-R Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: 6 - (0 + 6) = 0 Hydrogen-L Hydrogen-R Oxygen-L Oxygen-R Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: 6 - (0 + 6) = 0 Hydrogen-L Hydrogen-R Oxygen-L Oxygen-R Oxygen-T Oxygen-B

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule Compare the Formal Charge Sulfur: 6 – (0 +4) = +2 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L Oxygen-R Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: 6 – (0 +4) = +2 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L Oxygen-R Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: 6 - (0 + 6) = 0 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L Oxygen-R Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: 6 - (0 + 6) = 0 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L Oxygen-R Oxygen-T Oxygen-B

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule Compare the Formal Charge Sulfur: 6 – (0 +4) = +2 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: 6 – (0 +4) = +2 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: 6 - (0 + 6) = 0 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: 6 - (0 + 6) = 0 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T Oxygen-B

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule Compare the Formal Charge Sulfur: 6 – (0 +4) = +2 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T 6 – (6+1) = -1 Oxygen-B 6 – (6+1) = -1 Sulfur: 6 – (0 +4) = +2 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T 6 – (6+1) = -1 Oxygen-B 6 – (6+1) = -1 Sulfur: 6 - (0 + 6) = 0 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T Oxygen-B Sulfur: 6 - (0 + 6) = 0 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T Oxygen-B

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule Compare the Formal Charge Sulfur: 6 – (0 +4) = +2 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T 6 – (6+1) = -1 Oxygen-B 6 – (6+1) = -1 Sulfur: 6 – (0 +4) = +2 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T 6 – (6+1) = -1 Oxygen-B 6 – (6+1) = -1 Sulfur: 6 - (0 + 6) = 0 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-B 6 – (4+2) = 0 Sulfur: 6 - (0 + 6) = 0 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-B 6 – (4+2) = 0

H 2 SO 4 SO 3 SO 2 FC & Octet Rule Compare the Formal Charge Sulfur: 6 – (0 +4) = +2 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T 6 – (6+1) = -1 Oxygen-B 6 – (6+1) = -1 Sulfur: 6 – (0 +4) = +2 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T 6 – (6+1) = -1 Oxygen-B 6 – (6+1) = -1 Sulfur: 6 - (0 + 6) = 0 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-B 6 – (4+2) = 0 Sulfur: 6 - (0 + 6) = 0 Hydrogen-L 1 – (0+1) = 0 Hydrogen-R 1 – (0+1) = 0 Oxygen-L 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-R 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-T 6 – (4+2) = 0 Oxygen-B 6 – (4+2) = 0

SO 3 SO 2 [SO 4 ] 2- SF 6 Assignment/Quiz 1.Draw the preferred dot structure for the molecules on the right, indicate any octet violations and include calculations of formal charge. 1.Show how the triple bond in Carbon Monoxide (CO) has a coordinate bond in it. Include the formal charge of each atom. 1.In the image below, indicate which dot structure is favorable in terms of formal charge. 1.Draw the preferred dot structure for the molecules on the right, indicate any octet violations and include calculations of formal charge. 1.Show how the triple bond in Carbon Monoxide (CO) has a coordinate bond in it. Include the formal charge of each atom. 1.In the image below, indicate which dot structure is favorable in terms of formal charge.