Optic Disc Pits A Meireles, N Ferreira, N Lopes, M J Furtado

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Presentation transcript:

Optic Disc Pits A Meireles, N Ferreira, N Lopes, M J Furtado Hospital Santo António, CHP, Oporto , Portugal Vitreoretinal Surgery Department

Introduction Optic Disc Pits 1st described – Wiethe in 1882 Congenital small colobomatous defect of the optic nerve head Rare, 1 : 11 000 85% Unilateral → (+) Inferotemporal Compatible with good vision Macular detachment (MD) in 25 to 75% Long term: Macular hole; RPE changes Tb há casos bilaterais Têm propensão para desenvolver GNT; 60-70% sem qq tx já têm escotoma arqueado ou paracentral (Mas os defeitos de CV são mto variáveis) Associação familiar é rara. PAX 2 pareceu associado. Outros refutam o seu papel.

Introduction Pathophysiology : unknown Incomplete closure of the fetal fissure Abnormal differentiation of the primitive epithelial papilla Pathophysiology of MD - Lincoff’s theory (supported by other OCT studies) Communication between the pit and the inner retinal layers (intraretinal schisis) Secondary external layer detachment (fistula) Tb há casos bilaterais Têm propensão para desenvolver GNT; 60-70% sem qq tx já têm escotoma arqueado ou paracentral (Mas os defeitos de CV são mto variáveis) Associação familiar é rara. PAX 2 pareceu associado. Outros refutam o seu papel.

Treatment No consensus 25% recover without treatment Laser +/- pneumopexy Macular scleral buckling Vitrectomy: PVD + Gas → ≈ 1 year recovery PVD + LASER + Gas PVD + ILM Peeling + LASER + Gas PVD + Drainage Retinotomy + Gas Tb há casos bilaterais Têm propensão para desenvolver GNT; 60-70% sem qq tx já têm escotoma arqueado ou paracentral (Mas os defeitos de CV são mto variáveis) Associação familiar é rara. PAX 2 pareceu associado. Outros refutam o seu papel.

Our Surgical Approach Pars plana vitrectomy 20G: PVD ILM peeling Peripapillary endolaser Gas tamponade (C3F8) Face down position): Tb há casos bilaterais Têm propensão para desenvolver GNT; 60-70% sem qq tx já têm escotoma arqueado ou paracentral (Mas os defeitos de CV são mto variáveis) Associação familiar é rara. PAX 2 pareceu associado. Outros refutam o seu papel.

Duration until Macular Attachment Patient Data P Age Gender Eye Symptom Duration of Symptom Pré-Op VA Pit Location 1 2 3 4 5 6 13 29 37 36 33 50 F M R L Metamorphopsia Decreased VA Decreased VA Decreased VA Decreased VA Decreased VA 2 days 1 month 3 months 15 days 0,8 CF 0,05 Temporal Inferotemporal P Retinoschisis MH PVD Duration until Macular Attachment Final VA Complications Follow-up (M) 1 2 3 4 5 6 + - 14 days 12 days 10 days 15 days 30 days 0,9 0,2 0,08 0,7 0,4 *Worsening of VF defect 26 20 22 18 12 10

Discussion Results consistent with bilaminar theory – Lincoff Valid surgical technique Anatomical and functional improvement in all patients Visual recovery: Slowly progressive Duration of symptoms (duration MD) RPE / Neuroretinal pathology Fossetas grds e temporais têm maior risco de DR Detectamos esquisis no OCT Ainda alguns dts com líquido subretiniano. Melhoria AV qdo DR recente e melhores resultados Cx. Relçar que achamos que esta técnica tem sucesso.