Soils and Regolith.

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Presentation transcript:

Soils and Regolith

Pedology- The study of soils Pedogenic processes depend on: ClORPTH Climate - Temperature, H2O, freezing Organisms - Addition and digestion of Org. Material Relief - Slope Steepness - Balance with erosion Parent Material - what do you start with? Time - How long has it been sitting there? Humans - Addition of fertilizer, tillage, salinization, etc… FLUX SITE

The importance of soils Life on Earth depends on soil Soil is a vital non-renewable resource It takes > 1000’s of years to form a soil Chemical weathering happens in soils

Soil Degradation (erosion)

The Dust Bowl

Soil Horizons E/A2

Soil Formation

Clay Formation in Soils Primary 2:1 1:1 0:1

Some Soil Profiles Oxisol Alfisol Aridisol

Soil Water

Climate and Organisms

Relief

Parent Material

Time

Naming Soils Soils are named on the basis of Subsurface horizons Layers in the soil that reflect soil forming processes

Soil Orders Alfisols - Moderate temperature forests Andisols - Soils on volcanic material Aridisols - Soils from deserts Entisols - Little soil formation Gelisols - Soils in cold regions w/ permafrost Histisols - Soils on peat Inceptisols - Young soils Mollisols - Grassland soils Oxisols - Tropical forests Spodosols - Cool, wet coniferous forests Ultisols - Tropical and subtropical forests Vertisols - Soils with cracks

Global Soil Distribution

Major Terrestrial Biomes