Communication

Meaning & definition…… The word communication has been derived from the latin word “communis” which means ‘common’ thus, communication means sharing of ideas in common It refers to the exchange of ideas, feelings, emotions,knowledge and information b/w two or more persons. .

Following standard definitions will help us to understand the meaning of communication in management. Keith davis-”communication is the process of passing information and understanding from one person to another. The American management association-any behaviour that results in an exchange of meaning”.

characteristics: nature of communication it involves at least two persons. Message is a must. Communication may be written, oral or gestural Comm. Is a two way process. Its primary purpose is to motivate a response. Comm. May be formal or informal. It flows up & down & also from side to side. It is an integral part of the process of exchange.

Elements of communication Communicator Comunicatee Message Communication channel Response or feedback

PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION

SENDER A Sender is a person who intends to convey or transit a message . Formulates a clear idea about facts , opinions , or information.

ENCODING OF MESSAGE The idea is then translated by him into words (spoken or written ), symbols or some other form of message which he expects the receiver to understand .

CHANNELS (ORAL, WRITTEN,SYMBOL, ETC.)

RECEIVER The message is then received by the communicate he tries to understand it by decoding the message .

FEEDBACK Finally , the effectiveness of communication is measured trough feedback . If the communication brings in the desired changes in the actions or behaviour of the receiver , it is said to be a successful communication

NEED OR PURPOSE OF COMMUNICATION To keep employees informed. To make each employee interested in his representative job. Without communication we cannot live or work together . It helps management in planning effectively and controlling efficiently .

IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION Basis of decision making . Smooth and efficient working of organization . Facilitates co-ordination. Increase managerial efficiency . Promotes co-operation .

Helps in establishing effective leadership . Motivation and morale Increase managerial capacity Effective control. Job satisfaction . Democratic management. Increase productivity and reduce cost . Public relations.

Methods or types of communication.

On the basis of organisational structure FORMAL COMMUINICATION communication or grapevine

On the basis of flow or direction Horizontal comm. Upward comm. Downward comm. manager manager foreman foreman worker worker

On the basis of media or expression Oral comm. Gestural /non.verbal comm. Written comm.

BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION: HURDLES OR DISTORTIONS IN AN EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

TYPES OF BARRIERS: BARRIERS D M I E S S T O A R G N RECIEVER B SENDER A BARRIERS PHYSICAL PERSONAL LANGUAGE OR SEMANTIC SUPERIOR-SUBORDINATE RELATIONSHIP ORGANISATION STRUCTURE INADEQUATE ATTENTION PREMATURE EVALUATION EMOTIONAL ATTITUDE RESISTANCE TO CHANGE LACK OF MUTUAL TRUST OTHERS D I S T O R N M E S A G

OVERCOMING BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION: CLARITY AND COMPLETENESS PROPER LANGUAGE SOUND ORGANISATION STRUCTURE ORIENTATION OF EMPLOYEES EMPATHATIC LISTENING AND AVOID PREMATURE EVALUATION

MOTIVATION AND MUTUAL CONFIDENCE CONSISTENT BEHAVIOUR USE OF GRAPEVINE FEEDBACK GESTURES AND TONE