Topic Two Biogeochemical Cycles. 2-3 Carbon-Oxygen Cycle.

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Presentation transcript:

Topic Two Biogeochemical Cycles

2-3 Carbon-Oxygen Cycle

The Carbon Cycle Circulation of CO 2 Biotic Component Carbon is the key element in living compounds Carbon is trapped and stored in organic compounds by photosynthesis CO 2 is released to the atmosphere by respiration Abiotic Component CO 2 – found in atmosphere (0.03%) and in oceans Can be trapped in fossil fuels In oceans, it is incorporated into rocks, shells, corals CO 2 released into the atmosphere by combustion

Oxygen Cycle Movement of oxygen between the atmosphere and the biota 21% of atmosphere Released by photosynthesis\ Consumed by respiration

Carbon Oxygen Cycle

1 Atmospheric pool of carbon dioxide 2 Plants take up carbon dioxide for photosynthesis 3 Animals eat plants 4 Carbon didxide released by respiration 5 Fossil fuels 6 Carbon dioxide released by combustion 7 Death of organisms and decay by bacteria

Human impact: burn excess fossil fuels Use up forests Result is more CO 2 added to atmosphere Leads to the greenhouse effect Greenhouse effect: Heat blocking action of gasses in the atmosphere Short waves converted to long – unable to escape atmosphere

Greenhouse Gasses Name of GasChemical Formula Source Carbon DioxideCO 2 Fossil fuels MethaneCH 4 Bacteria decay, farts Nitrous OxideN2ON2OFertilizers, animal wastes CFC’sStyrofoam, accelerants

Humans continue adding excess amounts of CO 2 Since 19 th century, levels have increased 25% Possible increase in global temperature

Human Population

Human Population and Technology

Carbon Dioxide Levels

Emission Levels

Past and Present C0 2 Levels

Greenhouse Gases

Effects: Melting ice caps Sea levels to increase – flooding Change in climate patterns More/less rainfall Large impact on agriculture Natural vegetation could change Some say that oceans are a large sink for CO 2

Image of a Dust Bowl

Ozone Layer Protects earth from UV radiation ~ 99% of UV radiation is screened and never reaches surface Ozone holes: Above the poles (N & S) Increase in skin cancer and eye problems Major cause? CFC’s

CFC’s released in sprays and as a waste product When in upper atmosphere, Chlorine reacts with ozone and breaks it down CFC’s stay in atmosphere for a very long time May continue to break down ozone layer Solution?