©NIDEA 1 Tahu Kukutai 11 April 2012 University of Waikato Ethnic diversity in the population census: A global analysis Victor Thompson Rider University.

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Presentation transcript:

©NIDEA 1 Tahu Kukutai 11 April 2012 University of Waikato Ethnic diversity in the population census: A global analysis Victor Thompson Rider University

©NIDEA 2 Theories of ethnic counting Background on Ethnicity Counts? project Data analysis if countries count by ethnicity how ethnicity operationalised change over time Concluding thoughts Outline

©NIDEA 3 Ethnic counting a political exercise Imposed from top down Different policy uses (e.g., monitor discrimination) Highlights the local and specific Champions case study approach Theories of ethnic counting

©NIDEA 4 Purpose: Describe key patterns of ethnic enumeration over time and place Identify conditions associated with different strategies Comparative theory of ethnic counting Ethnicity Counts? project

©NIDEA 5 Data collected to date 1990 round2000 round2010 round Total # countries238 # countries with census # coded % coded

©NIDEA 6 Ethnic identity vs Civic identity ethnicity ethnic nationality race & colour ancestry/descent/origin indigenous group & tribe cultural group language & mother tongue citizenship civic nationality migration status place of birth parental place of birth

©NIDEA 7 Ethnic nationality: Estonia

©NIDEA 8 Ethnic nationality: Nauru

©NIDEA 9 Civic nationality: Switzerland

©NIDEA 10 Per cent Ethnic counting Top 5 terms Language Ethnicity Mother tongue Ethnic nationality Race Ethnic identity

©NIDEA RegionPer cent Africa Asia Europe Oceania N. America S. America Ethnic counting by region

©NIDEA 12 Race = Americas Ethnic nationality = Europe Ethnic origins = Oceania & N America Ethnicity = spread Mother tongue = Europea Indigenous status = S America Regional variation in terminology

©NIDEA 13 Per cent Civic counting Top 4 terms Place of birth Citizenship Nationality (civic) Parental birth place Civic identity

©NIDEA 14 Ethnic and civic identity Per cent Ethnic only Civic only Ethnic & Civic None

©NIDEA 15 State recognition of: Hybridity Subjectivity “Ethnification” of national identity Multiple dimensions Other dimensions of ethnic diversity

©NIDEA 16 Hybridity: Tokelau

©NIDEA 17 Subjectivity: St Lucia

©NIDEA 18 Multiple dimensions: New Zealand

©NIDEA 19 Ethnification of national identity: Canada

©NIDEA 20 Possibilities beyond indirect markers (e.g., country of birth) Look beyond the 1 st generation Harmonization across countries challenging Weakening of nation-based notions of identity and ascendance of ethnic/cultural identities Relevance for immigration + diversity

©NIDEA 21