RDA is on the way! © Lynne LeGrow Cataloguer Collection Access Halifax Public Libraries Presentation for N.S.A.L.T. Conference October 23, 2009

That was then…

This is now…

Who do we catalogue for? Patrons in the library Staff of the library More and more nowadays, we are cataloguing for the home/remote user. (This remote user is not necessarily a local user.)

The ‘next-generation’ catalogue Acts less like an inventory list and more like a finding aid. With the advent of the Internet, people’s expectations regarding search and access to information has changed.

RDA is on the way! RDA is the new international cataloguing standard that will replace AACR2 in late 2009 / early 2010.

International interest in the subject of cataloguing

Why change to RDA? The bib record will reflect changes to optimize the use of the library catalogue as an online product. RDA provides guidelines on cataloguing digital resources and will improve searching and browsing for users RDA supports the clustering of bibliographic records to show relationships between works and their creators to make us more aware of the work's different editions, translations, or physical formats. Not everyone is in favour of changing to RDA. They site cost factors and voice concern about the extra training needed for cataloguers.

What RDA will NOT do… RDA will have NO influence on presently used classification schemes (Dewey is still king) unless of course you use LC Classification…

Some changes that are being made to catalogues pre-RDA The ‘Rule of Three’ has been made optional. This antiquated rule was created in the days of the card catalogue when space was limited. With an online environment we can trace as many authors as we want! (The more access the better!) RDA states that statements of responsibility will be recorded as found.

Subject headings are being updated Inverted headings are gradually being changed to direct order Example: Body, human is now Human body Antiquated terms are being updated to modern jargon Example: Cookery will change to Cooking

Genre headings are used more Unlike subject headings which tell the user what the material is ‘about’, genre headings tell the user what the material ‘is’. Examples: 655 7 $aMystery fiction.$2gsafd 655 7 $aEssays.$2lcsh 655 7 $aFilmed operas.$2lcsh

More ‘formatted’ contents notes Formatted contents notes will enable the user to find individual works within works. Example: you could do a title search for the song “Beautiful day” by U2. Example: you could do a title search for “The yellow wallpaper” (a short story found only in a short story anthology) 505 $tBeautiful day /$rU2 --$tPenny Lane /$rBeatles --$tOne headlight /$rWallflowers.

Relator terms will be used When tracing names in 700 tags we will be using relator terms. (input in a subfield e) These relator terms will be spelled out and not input as abbreviations as they are now. Examples: $aSmith, Chester.$esinger $aDouglas, Keith.$econductor Read slide

Examples of RDA terminology AACR2 terms Heading Main entry Added entry Authorized heading See references Elements RDA terms Access point Authorized access point Variant access point FRBR attributes It is ALL about ACCESS!

Changes to MARC with RDA GMD (general material designation) will no longer be input in the $h subfield of the 245 marc tag. GMD will be replaced by: Content type, Media type, and Carrier type. Content type terms will be input in a 336 tag. Example: 336 $a two-dimensional moving image $2 rdacontent Media type terms will be input in a 337 tag. Example: 337 $a video $2 rdamedia Carrier type terms will be input in a 338 tag. Example: 338 $aVideodisc.$2rdacarrier There will be new 007 and 008 codes New field (marc tag 011) in the bib and authority formats to identify which of the FRBR entities is represented by the record Example: 011 $aFrench translation.$2rda Read slide

Punctuation and Capitalization AACR2 dictated that certain marks of punctuation (such as ellipsis) should be replaced with other marks of punctuation. RDA specifies that punctuation should be transcribed exactly as it appears AACR2 rules of capitalization no longer apply RDA specifies that capitalization should be transcribed exactly as it appears

Abbreviations being eliminated Birth/death dates will no longer be denoted by b. or d. Bible headings will no longer hold the abbreviations for New and Old Testament (N.T. & O.T.) In the 250 tag there will be no abbreviations used (1st ed., Rev. ed., etc.) In the 300 tag there will be no more abbreviations such as: col., sd., geneal., b&w etc… The abbreviation ca. will be replaced with the word approximately The abbreviation i.e. will be replaced with the words ‘that is’ Latin references S.l. (sine loco, for without place) S.n. (sine nomine, without name) will no longer be used in the 260 tag.

Catalogue searching will be KEYWORD driven Searches will perform much like Google searches do because they will use keywords to guide the search The search results will be ranked for relevancy Users will have the option to further refine their search results Read slide.

What is FRBR? (ferber) Functional Requirements of Bibliographic Records FRBR is an evolving conceptual model designed to help users easily navigate catalogs and find the material they want in the form they want it – be that print, DVD, audio, or adaptations. FRBR considers that each work has a unique entry point and from that you can then describe that work in its various formats.

New acronyms FRAD - Functional Requirements for Authority Data (the new basis for instructions on authority control). FRSAR – Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Records.

FRBR… Three groups In other words: Title, author, subject The first group comprises the products of intellectual or artistic endeavour that are named or described in bib records: work, expression, manifestation, and item. The second group comprises those entities responsible for the intellectual or artistic content, the physical production and dissemination, or the custodianship of such products: person and corporate body. The third group comprises an additional set of entities that serve as the subjects of intellectual or artistic endeavour: concept, object, event, and place. In other words: Title, author, subject Read slide.

How does FRBR relate to RDA? FRBR provides the conceptual foundation for RDA RDA will include the FRBR terminology Example: the names of bibliographic entities: “work”, “expression”, “manifestation”, and “item”) Read slide

FRBR example The FRBR model can be used to present options to users in a more clear and user-friendly manner. Would it not be easier to see one basic overview record for “Jane Eyre” and choices for versions and availability rather than a long list of records of different editions of Jane Eyre with not much information on the initial hit list page to differentiate them? Read slide.

Illustration of FRBR using “Jane Eyre”

Manifestations are what we typically catalogue. U.S. edition (Random House) British edition (Hodder & Stoughton) These are manifestations of the regular print expression Large print editon (Thorndike Press) Large print editon (Chivers Press) These are manifestations of the large print expression Book on CD (Macmillan Audio) Book on CD (Blackstone Audiobooks) These are manifestations of the sound recording expression

RDA/FRBR example = Jane Eyre (clustering) Search term = Jane Eyre = Results Note the effective use of icons!

Jesse Shera's Two Laws of Cataloguing: Law #1 No cataloguer will accept the work of any other cataloguer. Law #2 No cataloguer will accept his/her own work six months after the cataloguing. University of Illinois, Graduate School of Library Science.  Dec. 1977.

RDA is on the way! © Lynne LeGrow Cataloguer Collection Access Halifax Public Libraries Presentation for N.S.A.L.T. Conference October 23, 2009