Unit 1 Breaking records Learning about language 高三人教新课标版选修九

VerbNounAdjective approximate adjustment accomplish devotion motivation 1. Complete the table and then choose a word to complete each sentence below.

VerbNounAdjective approximate adjustment accomplish devotion motivation motivate devote adjust approximate accomplishment approximation / motivated / ing / devoted / ing accomplished adjustable

1. He is ______ to his wife and gives her anything she asks for. 2. Can you tell me the ____________ number of athletes in your club? 3. It was a huge _______________for her to be able to reach the top of the mountain. devoted accomplishment approximate

4. Some people have the ability to _______others to try to achieve their goals. 5. She has _______ to the fact that she will never win the 400 metre swimming event. motivate adjusted

1. usual 2. severe 3. sacred 4. spirit 5. hard 6. begged 7. truth 2. Find words in the reading passage that are similar in meaning to the underlined words below. Write down the pairs of words.

coventional tough spiritual soul tough urged reality usual severe sacred spirit hard begged truth

Review of Subjects Grammar

主语的构成 名词； 代词； 数词； 不定式； 动名词 ( v-ing 作名词 ) ； 词组； 名词性从句

名词 1. The doctor looked over Mrs. Brown very carefully. 2. China does not want to copy the USA’s example. 3. A mooncake is a delicious, round cake. 4. The first truck is carrying a few baskets. 5. The temperature will stay above zero.

代词 1. He is a teacher. 2. I don’t know if it will grow. 3. That’s a bit expensive. 4. You’d better buy a new pair. 5. I’m afraid we haven’t got any black shoes.

数词 1. One and two is three. 2. One is not enough for me. I want one more. 3. One of them is English. 4. Suddenly one of the bags fell off the truck. 5. Two will be enough.

不定式 动词不定式表示比较具体的意义， 经常和特定的动作和执行者联系 起来，经常带时间或地点状语， 有时表示将要发生的动作。

1. To master a foreign language is no easy job. 2. To do it well is my earnest desire. 3. To see this film is to waste time. 4. To solve this problem is out of the question.

动词不定式作主语时，常见的另 一种形式是在句首用先行代词 it 作形式主语，而将动词不定式移 到谓语之后作真正主语。用于这 种形式是一些特定形容词，动词 和名词。例如：

1) 形容词作表语（常见的形容词有： important, difficult, easy 等） It is foolish to act in this way. 2) 动词作谓语（常见的动词有： require, cost, amuse 等） It didn't occur to me to ask him to help me. 3) 名词作表语 It is a good idea to think this way.

动名词 动名词表示比较抽象（一般）和经常 性的意义，有时可同不定式互换。 1. Collecting stamps is a good hobby. 2. Swimming is a best sport in summer. 3. There is no telling what will happen. 4. There is no denying the fact. 5. There is no need informing him of it.

另一种形式是在句首用先行代词 it 作形式主语面将动名词短语移至谓 语之后作真实主语。 1) 形容词作表语 ( 常见的形容词有： enjoyable, good, hard, worthwhile) It is nice talking to you. 2) 名词作表语 It’s waste of time doing this.

动名词作主语往往表示经常性或 抽象的行为。不定式作主语往往 表示具体的某一次的行为。 1. Playing fire is very dangerous. 2. To play fire in the room will make the house catch fire.

主语为动词不定式和动名词时，其谓 语常用单数形式。如： 1. To give is better than to receive. 2. It was difficult to see. 3. It’s best to wear cool clothes. 4. Playing is much better than having classes.

1. That he will come here on Wednesday is certain. 2. Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain. 注意： 1. 从句作主语时，就算是句子意 思完整，都要加上引导词 that 。 2. 主语从句表示 “ 是否 ” 只用 “whether” 而不用 “if” 。 主语从句

有时用 “it” 作形式主语，把主语从句 放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。 1. It is known to us that he will come here. 2. It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. 3. It is very likely that they will hold a meeting. 4. It is important that we all should attend the meeting.

1. We wrote a letter of thanks to __ had helped us. A. who B. those C. whom D. what 2. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he mustn’t smoke, but ___ didn’t help.. A. he B. which C. it D. they A 考考你 C

3. ___ you don’t like him is none of my business. A. What B. If C. That D. Whether 4. Just after finishing writing the composition, _____. A. the doorbell rang loud B. Nancy heard the doorbell rang C. someone knocked at the door D. the doorbell was rung C B

5. --The exam was easy, wasn’t it? --Yes, but I don’t think could pass it. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody 6. They live on a busy main road. ___ must be very noisy. A. There B. It C. That D. They D B

7. --What’s made Tony so upset? --I believe _____ the game. It shocked him so much. A. for losing B. lost C. losing D. because of losing C

Revising useful structures 1. Underline the subject in these sentences. In groups, check your answers. Then discuss whether you agree with the ideas in the sentences or not.

1. Everything that we do is a step in one direction or another. Even the failure to do something is in itself a deed. It sets us forward or backward.

2. Some conceptions of a gentleman are these: a gentleman is always considerate for the feelings of others; he has tact---he knows how to say and to do the right thing at the right time.

3. To regret one’s errors to the point of not repeating them is true repentance.

4. The best companion is one who is wiser and better than ourselves, for we are inspired by his wisdom and virtue to nobler deeds. 5. Being happy is better than being king.

2. Match the subject on the left with an ending on the right to make the correct saying. Then translate it into Chinese. 1. Worrying 2. Two heads never did anyone any good. are better than one. 担忧从来不会给人到来任何好处。 两人智慧胜一人。

3. Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it. 那些不从历史汲取教训的人注定要 重蹈覆辙。 4. To travel hopefully is a better thing than to arrive. 带着希望旅行 ( 的过程 ) 远胜于到达 目的地 ( 那一刻 ) 。

5. Failing to plan 6. A man who asks A man who never asks is planning to fail. is a fool for five minutes. is a fool for life. 没有计划就是计划失败。 会问问题的人当五分钟的傻子，从不提 问的人则会当一辈子傻子。

7. The one who understands The one who speaks 8. What is done does not speak. does not understand. cannot be undone. 智者知而不言，愚者言而不知。 覆水难收。

Homework Finish all of the Vocabulary and Grammar exercises and do Exercises 2-3 on Pages in your workbooks.