Classification. classificationThe activity that involves grouping and naming is called classification. Biologists classify organisms into categories called.

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Presentation transcript:

Classification

classificationThe activity that involves grouping and naming is called classification. Biologists classify organisms into categories called taxa.Biologists classify organisms into categories called taxa. taxonomyThe branch of Biology that involves classification of organisms is called taxonomy. Not to be confused with taxidermy!

How to Classify Classification is artificial, but helps scientists deal with the great diversity of species and determine relationships. With the theory of evolution, we now classify organisms according to ancestry. The fossil record can help to make connections between species.

Introducing…. Carl Linnaeus Founder of modern Taxonomy He gave us “binomical nomeclature”, the Two word Latin name for identifying species: first name is the genus second name is the species name both together we call the species name

There are 7 taxonomic levels: 1.Kingdom 2.Phylum 3.Class 4.Order 5.Family 6.Genus 7.Species

Taxonomy Great White SharkHuman KingdomAnimalia PhylumChordata ClassChondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) Mammalia OrderElasmobranchii (sharks and rays) Primates FamilySelachiiHominidae genusCarcharodonHomo speciescarchariassapiens

 Based on three principles: 1. Groups of organisms are descended from a common ancestor. 2. At each node (divergence of a population), there are two branching lines of descendants. 3. Evolution results in modifications of characteristics over time.

 A branching diagram that depicts species divergence from common ancestors.  They show the distribution and origins of shared characteristics.

We will use a dichotomous key:  Presents with two statements that describe certain characteristics.  The statements should be mutually exclusive (for example, 'it is either red or it isn't‘).  On selecting one, the reader is presented with the next couplet choice in the key and so on to eventually arrive at an identification.