THE CONSERVATIVE RESURGENCE 1980-1993 CHAPTER 28 SECTION 1

THE CONSERVATIVE MOVEMENT GROWS PAGES 944-948

WHAT WE WILL LEARN TODAY: What spurred the rise of conservatism in the late 1970s and early 1980s?

2 VIEWS: CONSERVATIVE & LIBERAL Republican – Right Democrats – Left Wanted less government & less regulations Believe that the government should be active in peoples lives. Traditional Values Social Programs Believe that taxes needed to be cut and affirmative action went too far. Believe that there needs to be more regulations. CONSERVATIVE LIBERAL Republican – Right Democrats – Left Wanted less government & less regulations Believe that the government should be active in peoples lives. Traditional Values Social Programs CONSERVATIVE LIBERAL Republican – Right Democrats – Left CONSERVATIVE LIBERAL CONSERVATIVE LIBERAL Republican – Right Democrats – Left Wanted less government & less regulations Believe that the government should be active in peoples lives.

CONSERVATIVE MOVEMENT & REAGAN Moral Majority – Religious and political group fighting to get fundamentalist Christians to condemn liberal attitudes and embrace conservative values. ELECTION OF 1980 Ronald Reagan vs. Jimmy Carter

WHAT WE LEARNED TODAY: What spurred the rise of conservatism in the late 1970s and early 1980s?

THE CONSERVATIVE RESURGENCE 1980-1993 CHAPTER 28 SECTION 2

THE REAGAN REVOLUTION PAGES 949-953

WHAT WE WILL LEARN TODAY: What were the major characteristics of the conservative Reagan Revolution?

REAGONOMICS GUIDES THE ECONOMY REAGANOMICS Budget Cuts Downsized the federal government. Cut government spending on social programs. Tax Cuts Lower Taxes = More Money = More Spending Would create Supply-side economics. Increased Defense Programs Star Wars Program Strategic Defense Initiative

CONSERVATIVE STRENGTH GROWS Reagan – Bush Supreme Court Nominations Reagan and Bush appointed several conservative justices to the Supreme Court. Reagan appointed Sandra Day O’Connor, the first woman to the court. Reagan nominated Justice William Rehnquist, the most conservative justice on the court at the time, to the position of Chief Justice.

CONSERVATIVE VICTORIES IN '84 & '88 1984 Election – Ronald Reagan vs. Walter Mondale Mondale nominated Geraldine Ferraro as his V.P. candidate, but Reagan and Bush maintained their popularity and won in a landslide.

CONSERVATIVE VICTORIES IN '84 & '88 1988 Election – George Bush vs. Michael Dukakis Most voters saw little reason for change and Bush won easily. Bush stated, “Read my lips: no new taxes!” – but…he raised taxes.

WHAT WE LEARNED TODAY: What were the major characteristics of the conservative Reagan Revolution?

THE CONSERVATIVE RESURGENCE 1980-1993 CHAPTER 28 SECTION 3

THE END OF THE COLD WAR PAGES 955-960

WHAT WE WILL LEARN TODAY: What were Reagan’s foreign policies, and how did they contribute to the fall of communism in Europe?

REAGAN CHALLENGES COMMUNISM Mikhail Gorbachev came to power in the Soviet Union and initiated a series of peace talks with the US. Gorachev advocated glasnost and perestroika for the Soviet Union. Gorbachev’s new policies led to massive changes in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Perestroika – Economic and bureaucratic restructuring. Glasnosts – Openness in discussing social problems.

THE COLD WAR ENDS Gorbachev reduced the number of Soviet troops in Eastern Europe and allowed non-communist parties to organize in satellite nations. On Nov. 9th, 1989, the greatest symbol of the Cold War, the Berlin Wall, was taken down. East German border guards stood by and watched as Berliners pounded away with hammers at the despised wall.

THE COLD WAR ENDS

THE COLD WAR ENDS Other European nations adopted democratic reforms and withdrew from the Soviet bloc. Historical Significance: The collapse of the Soviet Union and Eastern European satellites resulted in a formal end to the Cold War.

TROUBLE IN THE MIDDLE EAST Iran-Contra Affair This affair tarnished Reagan’s reputation. The US sold weapons to Iran in exchange for Iran’s promise to pressure terrorist groups in Lebanon to release American hostages. The plan did NOT work, and it contradicted administration’s policy of refusing to negotiate with terrorists. The administration used the money from the sale to fund the Contras in Nicaragua, despite the fact that Congress had banned sending funds to the Contras.

WHAT WE LEARNED TODAY: What were Reagan’s foreign policies, and how did they contribute to the fall of communism in Europe?

THE CONSERVATIVE RESURGENCE 1980-1993 CHAPTER 28 SECTION 4

FOREIGN POLICY AFTER THE COLD WAR PAGES 961-965

WHAT WE WILL LEARN TODAY: What actions did the United States take abroad during the George H.W. Bush presidency?

A NEW ROLE IN THE WORLD George Bush sent more than 12,000 US troops into Panama and arrested Panama’s dictator Manuel Noriega. WAR ON DRUGS Noriega was convicted of several charges of drug trafficking and sentenced to 40 years in prison. TIANANMEN SQUARE In China, students were protesting the communist government and promoting ideas of democracy. The Chinese government sent the tanks out into Beijing and killed hundreds of protestors and crushed the demonstrations.

A CHANGE IN SOUTH AFRICA A NEW ROLE IN THE WORLD A CHANGE IN SOUTH AFRICA The South African government was controlled by whites, who used an oppressive system of rigid segregation known as apartheid. Antiapartheid leader Nelson Mandela had been imprisoned from 1962 to 1990. The world pressured South Africa to end apartheid. When Mandela was released he pushed to bring democracy to his country. South Africa elected Mandela as their leader in 1994 in the country’s first free elections.

OPERATION DESERT STORM THE PERSIAN GULF WAR In Aug. 1990 Iraq invaded Kuwait. The US received support from the United Nations and 700,000 troops were deployed to Iraq (500,000 of which were American forces). OPERATION DESERT STORM Death Toll Iraqis: 25,000 Americans: 148 The UN and coalition forces compelled Iraq to leave Kuwait, but would not continue on to Baghdad, to topple Saddam Hussein’s regime. This invasion was called Operation Desert Storm. Right: Gen. Norman Schwarzkopf and General Colin Powell. Left: Iraq’s dictator, Saddam Hussein.

WHAT WE LEARNED TODAY: What actions did the United States take abroad during the George H.W. Bush presidency?