Descriptive Mineralogy

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Presentation transcript:

Descriptive Mineralogy Halides: Minerals with Halogen Anions

Classification of the Minerals Non-Silicates Native Elements Halides Sulfides Oxides Hydroxides Carbonates Sulfates Phosphates Silicates Orthosilicates Sorosilicates Cyclosilicates Chain Silicates Layer Silicates Tektosilicates

Halides: Minerals with halogen anions Halite (NaCl) and Sylvite (KCl): Evaporites Fluorite (CaF2) Low temperature hydrothermal Cryolite (Na3AlF6): Pegmatite

Halite Cube

Halite NaCl Crystal System Cubic Point Group 4/m-32/m Space Group Fd3m Optical isotropic 1.51 Color colorless Luster Vitreous Hardness 2 Density 2.1 g/cm3

Halite NaCl Occurrence: Evaporites, Salt Domes Uses: Table salt, De-icing, Nuclear waste host rock?

Halite has low density and deforms plastically

Sylvite KCl Crystal System Cubic Point Group 4/m-32/m Space Group Fm3m Optical isotropic 1.45 Color colorless Luster Vitreous Hardness 2 Density 1.99 g/cm3 Occurrence EVP

Potash Ponds near Moab

Fluorite CaF2 Crystal System Cubic Point Group 4/m-32/m Space Group Fm3m Optical isotropic 1.43 Color violet, green Luster Vitreous Hardness 4 Density 3.18 g/cm3 Occurrence LTH

Fluorite Veins in Granite

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