Heat Energy Temperature

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Presentation transcript:

Heat Energy Temperature Made by Ms. Priya

Heat Energy VOCABULARY Fahrenheit Thermodynamic Fundamental Conversion Absolute Expansion Contraction Particles Thermometer Electromagnetic waves

Thermodynamics Thermodynamics is a branch of physics concerned with heat and temperature and their relation to energy and work.

Temperature Temperature and heat are not the same. Temperature is a measurement of heat. Temperature tells whether something is hot or cold.

Temperature The temperature of a substance is a result of the speed at which its molecules are moving. The faster the molecules are moving, the higher the temperature of the substance.

There are three main temperature scales: °F, the Fahrenheit Scale (used in the US) °C, the Celsius Scale (part of the Metric System, used in most other countries) K , the Kelvin scale

Celsius The Celsius (or centigrade) Temperature Scale Celsius, also known as centigrade, is a scale and unit of measurement for temperature. Degree Celsius (°C) 0 °C as the freezing point of water at normal pressure. 100 °C as the boiling point of water at normal pressure.

Fahrenheit Fahrenheit is a thermodynamic temperature scale, called as degree Fahrenheit (°F) Freezing point of water, 32°F Normal human body temperature, 98.6°F Boiling water (at normal pressure) 100° in Celsius, but 212° in Fahrenheit water freezes at 0° in Celsius, but 32° in Fahrenheit

Kelvin The freezing point of water is 273.15 K The Kelvin or Absolute scale of temperature The freezing point of water is 273.15 K Boiling point is 373.15 K. The term "degree" is not used. The abbreviation or unit is "K".

Temperature conversion The formula to convert Celsius to Kelvin is: TK = TC + 273 For example: Convert 27° C to Kelvin. Solution: K = °C + 273 K = 27 + 273 K = 300 300 K

Temperature conversion The Fahrenheit to Celsius conversion equation may be expressed in this form: TC = 5/9(TF - 32) Celsius to Fahrenheit (°C × 9/5) + 32 = °F Fahrenheit to Celsius (°F - 32) x 5/9 = °C

Temperature conversion Example: Convert 26° Celsius (a nice warm day) to Fahrenheit Answer: 26° × 9/5 = 234/5 = 46.8 46.8 + 32 = 78.8° F

Absolute zero Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature where nothing could be colder and no heat energy remains in a substance. Absolute zero is 0 K on the Kelvin scale, and –273.15 degrees Celsius on the Celsius scale. Absolute zero is equal to –459.67 degrees F on the Fahrenheit scale.

Exercise Convert 10° Celsius (A cool day) to Fahrenheit. Convert 98.6° Fahrenheit (normal body temperature) to Celsius. Convert 68° Fahrenheit to Celsius. A healthy person has a body temperature of 98.6 °F. What is this temperature in Kelvin? If the temperature will be 303 K today, how can you express that temperature in °C and °F? What is the temperature in Celsius of 77 °F?

Exercise answers 50F 37°C 20°C 310K 30°C 86F 25°C