1. Where did the earliest civilizations develop? mountainous areas river valleys islands

2. What is the arc of fertile land stretching from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean called ? Fertile Crescent Arabian Desert Valley of the Kings Mediterranean Sea Persian Gulf Red Sea

3. One factor essential to the development of early civilizations was - The ability to produce surplus food The use of standard medium of exchange The emergence of a distinct caste system Phoenicia Palestine

4. The land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers was called Mesopotamia India Israel

5. Which is the earliest known civilization? India Egypt Sumer China

6. What was the earliest written language? cuneiform hieroglyphics alphabet

7. Which civilization developed on this delta? China Egypt Ghana

8. Which form of writing was used in Ancient Egypt? hieroglyphics cuneiform alphabet Means sacred carving

9. Which civilization is pictured in the map? Aztec India China

10. What protected Egypt from invasion? The Himalayas and the Gobi desert and the Pacific Ocean The Sahara and Arabian Deserts and the Mediterranean and Red Seas

11. Who was thought to be responsible for making the sun rise, the Nile flood and crops grow? high priestess pharoah caliph

12. What civilization is being described? Mandate of Heaven Ancestor Worship Silk Cloth Axum China Kush What is a dynasty?

13. What was the first published set of laws? A. Code of Justinian B. Code of Hammurabi C. Twelve Tables

14. Which civilization is being described? First to make cotton cloth First to use plumbing Made up of independent city states including Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro Egypt China Indus Valley

15. Silk-making technology was a closely guarded secret of the ancient Sumerians Indians Chinese

16. The concept of lex talionis appears in the Code of Hammurabi and is summarized as - Innocent until proven guilty An eye for an eye Equality before the law Trial by jury of your peers

17. Which ancient civilization is being described? Cuneiform writing Ziggurats Invented wheeled vehicles and bronze Number system based on 60 Egypt Sumer (Mesopotamia) Indus Valley

18. Which civilization was located in present-day Pakistan? China Kush Indus Valley

19. Which civilization was located in present-day Iraq? Egypt Mesopotamia (Sumer) India Iraq What present-day countries are in Mesopotamia. Mesopotamia is in what present-day region?

20. What geographic features protected India from invasion? Himalayas, Hindu Kush, and Indian Ocean B. Sahara Desert and Red Sea C. Alps and Mediterranean Sea

21. Which civilization arose on the Huang He River? Mongolia China Kush Westerners have dubbed it "China's Sorrow," because over the centuries it has killed more people than any other river in the world. In 1887 flooding killed nearly two million people, in 1931 the death toll was almost four million, and in 1938 it was almost one million. Much of the problem stems from the high silt content of the river -- in some stretches as much as 60% by weight. Millions of tons of yellow mud choke the channel, causing the river to overflow and change course. In its lower reaches, the river bed has actually become higher than the level of the surrounding countryside. Water is held in by dikes of ever increasing height, some reaching 30 feet and more.

22. What was the main reason that the earliest civilizations arose in river valleys? Protection from invaders Rich soil for agriculture Fish supply

Match letters on the map to civilizations B C 23. _____ Mesopotamia (Sumer) 24. _____ India 25. _____ Egypt 26. _____ China (Shang dynasty) D A D B A C

27. Who is responsible for unifying China and building the Great Wall? Confucius Shi Huangdi Wudi

28. The Great Wall was built to protect China from Germanic invaders from the West Mongol invaders from the North Japanese invaders from the East

29. What role did economics play in bringing about political changes after the Neolithic Revolution? Permanent settlements came under the control of more powerful rulers Stone tools and weapons were used for the very first time Permanent settlements led early farmers to establish the 1st democracies

30. Which religion was founded by Laozi? Buddhism Shintoism Taoism Which religion are we talking about here?

32. What did the Chinese believe gave a dynasty the right to rule? The Yin/Yang The Mandate of Heaven The People

33. Which best completes the list? The domestication of plants and animals The use of stone tools ________ The use of the chariot The invention of the waterwheel The rise of permanent settlements The development of sanitation systems