Formative assessment—DNA structure and replication 1/13/2014 N. Brown’s classes

1 Every nucleotide is made up of… Sugar Phosphate Nitrogen base All of the above

1 Every nucleotide monomer is made up of… Ribose Sugar Phosphate Nitrogen base All of the above In ribonucleotides of RNA, this C of the ribose is bonded to an H and to an OH group. In deoxyribonucleotides of DNA, this C shows 2 H bonded instead---deoxy- means w/o an O!

2 Regarding the nitrogen bases, Adenine always bonds with which one? Cytosine Thymine Guanine Uracil

2 Regarding the nitrogen bases, in double stranded DNA, the nucleotide Adenine always bonds with which one? Cytosine Thymine Guanine Uracil Note the antiparallel (facing opposite directions) strands joined by complementary nitrogenous base pairs between the deoxyribonucleotides: A to T and C to G Hydrogen bonds (H bonds) attract the nitrogenous base pairs to each other and hold the 2 strands of Dna together in the double helix

The 2 halves of the DNA double helix are comprised of H bonded complementary, but anti-parallel, deoxyribonucleotide base pairs.

3 DNA contains the code to make what macromolecule? Glucose Protein Carbohydrates Lipids

3 DNA contains the code to make what macromolecule? Glucose Protein Carbohydrates Lipids Each gene contains the pattern for a particular protein (the order in which to put amino acid monomers together to build the polymer called a protein. Proteins are the tools that carry out all the jobs and build most of the structures in our cells.

expression (use) of genes to make proteins

4 The two strands of DNA are bonded together in the middle by their… Sugars Phosphates Nitrogen bases

4 The two strands of DNA are bonded together in the middle by their… Deoxyribose Sugars Phosphates groups Nitrogenous bases Hhydrogen bonds between the complementary base pairs temporaily join them the two strands—the Hydrogen bonds are broken to allow DNA replication or transcription when mRNA is made.

5 What type of bonds are between the sugars and phosphates in DNA? Hydrogen Covalent Ionic Metallic

5 What type of bonds are between the sugars & phosphates in DNA? Hydrogen Covalent Ionic Metallic Strong permanent covalent bonds link sugars and phosphates into the sides (backbones) of the double helix

A C C T G A C T T G A T T G G A C T T A A C C C 6 If one strand of DNA had a sequence of nitrogen bases that read A C C T G A , than the complementary strand would have what sequence? A C C T G A C T T G A T T G G A C T T A A C C C

A C C T G A C T T G A T T G G A C T T A A C C C 6 If one strand of DNA had a sequence of nitrogen bases that read A C C T G A , than the complementary strand is__? A C C T G A C T T G A T T G G A C T T A A C C C

7 In the following DNA molecule which is the Deoxyribose Sugar 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3

7 In the following DNA molecule which is the Deoxyribose Sugar 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3

8 The letter A at the bottom of the picture represents this monomer unit? Amino acid Nucleotide DNA mRNA A

8 The letter A at the bottom of the picture represents this monomer unit? Amino acid Nucleotide DNA mRNA A

9 If a double stranded DNA molecule contains 28 sugars, how many nucleotides would your DNA ladder contain? 1 14 28 42 56

9: If a double stranded DNA molecule contains 28 sugars, how many nucleotides would your DNA ladder contain? 1 14 28 42 56

10 If a particular strand of DNA contains 20% Adenine, what percentage of Thymine can be expected in the complementary strand of DNA? 1% 10% 20% 40% 80%

10 If a particular strand of DNA contains 20% Adenine, what percentage of Thymine can be expected in the complementary strand of DNA? 1% 10% 20% 40% 80%

adenine-guanine guanine-cytosine adenine-cytosine cytosine-uracil 11 Which one of the following nucleotide pair bonds would be found in a DNA molecule? adenine-guanine guanine-cytosine adenine-cytosine cytosine-uracil

adenine-guanine guanine-cytosine adenine-cytosine cytosine-uracil 11: Which one of the following nucleotide pair bonds would be found in a DNA molecule? adenine-guanine guanine-cytosine adenine-cytosine cytosine-uracil

12 The backbone of a DNA molecule is made of which two components? phosphate molecules and ribose sugars deoxyphosphate molecules and ribose sugars phosphate molecules and deoxyribose sugars deoxyphosphate molecules and deoxyribose sugars

12: The backbone of a DNA molecule is made of which two components? phosphate molecules and ribose sugars deoxyphosphate molecules and ribose sugars phosphate molecules and deoxyribose sugars deoxyphosphate molecules and deoxyribose sugars

13 Watson and Crick were the first to suggest that DNA is _____. a short molecule the shape of a double helix a protein molecule the genetic material

13: Watson and Crick were the first to suggest that DNA is _____. a short molecule the shape of a double helix a protein molecule the genetic material

Where does DNA replication take place in a cell? Cytoplasm Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Body Nucleus Vacuole

14: Where does DNA replication take place in a cell? Cytoplasm Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Body Nucleus Vacuole

15 DNA is a Carbohydrate Protein Nucleic Acid Lipid

15: DNA is a Carbohydrate Protein Nucleic Acid Lipid

16 The monomer units of DNA are called Deoxyribose Nucleotides Adenines Ribose

16 The monomer units of DNA are called Deoxyribose Nucleotides Adenines Ribose