11/16/15 Starter: What do you think DNA is? 11/16/15 DNA Structure Notes Application: DNA Notes Connection: Building a DNA molecule DNA Structure Notes Practice: Video Write five things you learn from the video Exit: Draw or write one thing you learned today from the notes. EQ: How does DNA and RNA control the structure and function of cells and of entire organisms?

November 16, 2015 AGENDA B.6 A. Students will Identify and describe components of DNA while reading and writing on notes and starting an activity. 1 Starter 2. Notes 3. DNA Molecule 4. Exit

Date Lecture/ Activity/ Lab Page 11/12-13 Student Made Lab /16 DNA notes Table of Contents

DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID STORES AND PASSES ON GENETIC INFORMATION FROM ONE GENERATION TO THE NEXT.

DISCOVERERS a. James Watson-American biologist b. Francis Crick- British physicist c. Maurice Wilkins- British scientist d. Rosalind Franklin- British scientist (only woman, died before the noble prize was given)

DNA Structure DNA consists of two molecules that are arranged into a ladder-like structure called a Double Helix. A molecule of DNA is made up of millions of tiny subunits called Nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of: 1. Phosphate group 2. Pentose sugar 3. Nitrogenous base

Nucleotides Phosphate Pentose Sugar Nitrogenous Base

Nucleotides The phosphate and sugar form the backbone of the DNA molecule, whereas the bases form the “rungs”. There are four types of nitrogenous bases.

DNA Structure Because of this complementary base pairing, the order of the bases in one strand determines the order of the bases in the other strand.

Nucleotides Each base will only bond with one other specific base. Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) adenine and guanine are called P urines cytosine and thymine are called Pyrimidines Form a base pair. Form a base pair.

Nucleotides A Adenine T Thymine G Guanine C Cytosine

G G A T T A A C T G C A T C

DNA Structure To crack the genetic code found in DNA we need to look at the sequence of bases. The bases are arranged in triplets called codons. A G G - C T C - A A G - T C C - T A G T C C - G A G - T T C - A G G - A T C

A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein. Each unique gene has a unique sequence of bases. This unique sequence of bases will code for the production of a unique protein. It is these proteins and combination of proteins that give us a unique phenotype.

DNA Replication Is the process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated into identical DNA molecules. It occurs in the nucleus of the cell STEPS IN REPLICATION During replication, the DNA ladder separates, or unzips Free nitrogen bases “float” in the nucleus pair up with the nitrogen bases on each half of the DNA Two new DNA molecules are formed

Protein DNA Gene Trait

SUMMARY QUESTION Draw one thing you learned today from the notes.

11/16/15 Starter: What do you think DNA is? 11/16/15 DNA Structure Notes Application: DNA Notes Connection: Building a DNA molecule DNA Structure Notes Practice: Video Write five things you learn from the video Exit: Draw or write one thing you learned today from the notes. EQ: How does DNA and RNA control the structure and function of cells and of entire organisms?