Properties of Matter Mass Volume Density

Mass Mass is the amount of matter in an object. It is measured with a Triple Beam Balance The unit of measurement for mass is the gram (g) Weight is the pull of gravity on an object. It is not the same as mass. Weight is measured in Newtons (N)

Volume Amount of space an object takes up. It is measured in milliliters (ml) or in cubic centimeters (cm 3 ) 1 ml = 1cm 3 Volume can be measured with a ruler or a graduated cylinder.

There are three ways to measure volume: 1.Volume of liquids: Place in a graduated cylinder and read the meniscus. The unit is ml.

Volume of regularly shaped objects Measure length, width and height with a ruler. Insert the values into formula Volume= length x width x height The unit is cm 3

Volume of Irregularly Shaped Objects Displacement Method 1)Put water in graduated cylinder. 2)Place object inside. 3)Record the new volume. 4)Subtract

What elements are all living things made of? Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen COHN

The Structure of Matter Matter is made up of atoms. Atoms bond together to form elements. A pure element is composed of the same atoms. Atoms also bond together to form molecules. (Ex. H 2 O)

When atoms bond together they are called…… MOLECULES Join

Atoms Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons.

Parts of the Atom Nucleus It is the center of the atom. It is made up of protons (positive charge) and neutrons (no charge) Electrons (negative charge) move around the nucleus. The area where they are most likely to be found is the orbit.

Charge of an Atom Atoms usually have the same amount of protons and electrons. Since they have opposite charges, positive and negative, the overall charge of the atom is neutral. If an atom ‘borrows’ an electron from another atom. It gains a -1 charge. If it ‘lends out’ an electron it gains a +1 charge. The only sub atomic particle that can be ‘borrowed or lent out’ is the electron.

Bonds store energy When is energy released? Bond must be broken to release energy.

Formulas CO 2 A chemical formula represents the chemical makeup of a compound or molecule. How many carbon atoms in 1 molecule of CO2? How many oxygen atoms in 1 molecule of CO2 ? 1 2

How do we write chemical compounds using symbols? What is H 2 0? How many hydrogen atoms in 1 molecule of water? 2 How many oxygen atoms in 1 molecule of water? 1

Structural Formula Structural formula shows the kinds, numbers, and the arrangements of atoms. It also shows the bonds Bonds

Chemical Equations and Reactions A + B C or C A + B Raw materials Products

Example of a Chemical Reaction: C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 6H 2 O + 6CO 2 GlucoseOxygenWater Carbon dioxide Which are the raw materials? Which are the products? How many water molecules are produced? How many glucose molecules are used? How many carbon atoms are present in a molecule of glucose? 6 6 1

Types of molecules Organic Inorganic

What do organic molecules have in common? C & H Examples Carbon and hydrogen

C O What do inorganic molecules have in common? C OR H OR neither

Organic Have C & H together Made by living things Inorganic Have C or H or neither, but never both at the same time. Can be found in living things Organic vs. Inorganic

Organic compounds are made by Living Things CO 2 + H 2 O O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 inorganic organic

CIRCLE all the organic molecules H2OH2ONaOHFeO 3 CO 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 CO HClC2H6C2H6 C 18 H 36 O 2 CaOH 2 CO 3 C3H6C3H6 CaCO 3 C 2 H 5 OHNaCl CH 3 OHHNO 3 CuSO 4 NH 3 KClMnCl 2 KMnO 4 H 2 SO 4 NO 2 SO 3 HFC 8 H 18 Na 2 SO 4 CH 3 COOHHBr