Cell Structure & Function http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html

Cell Theory All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the smallest unit of life. All cells come from preexisting cells. What is the definition of a cell? A cell is the smallest unit of life, what all living things are made of

Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell Nerve Cell

More Cell Types Nerve Cell Muscle Cell Bone Cell Small Intestine Cell Cartilage Cell Blood Cell

Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

Animal Cell http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif

Plant Cell http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif

Called “Organelles” Surrounding the Cell Cell Membrane Cell Wall Cell Structures Called “Organelles” Surrounding the Cell Cell Membrane Cell Wall

Cell Membrane Function: Surrounds and protects the cell, lets things in and out Animal, Plant, or Both Analogy: Door, Gate, Security Guard

Cell Wall Function: Supports & protects the cell Gives a square or rectangular shape Animal, Plant, or Both Analogy: Walls of house, fence

Inside the Cell Cytoplasm Nucleus Mitochondria Ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER & Smooth ER) Golgi Bodies/Apparatus Lysosomes Centrioles Central Vacuole Chloroplasts

The cytoplasm is colored yellow in this diagram Function: Gel-like substance surrounded by cell membrane Contains most organelles Animal, Plant, or Both Analogy: Air in the house, water in a swimming pool

Nucleus Function: Controls all of the cell’s activities and contains the genetic material called DNA. Includes 23 pairs of chromosomes that contain instructions for traits & characteristics Animal, Plant, or Both Analogy: Boss, brain

Mitochondria Function: Provides energy for the cell; the powerhouse Animal, Plant, or Both Analogy: power plant “Mighty” Chondria

Ribosomes Function: Makes proteins Found on Rough ER & floating throughout the cell Animal, Plant, or Both Analogy: construction worker

Endoplasmic Reticulum Function: Moves materials around the cell Rough ER: has ribosomes Smooth ER: no ribosomes Animal, Plant, or Both Analogy: conveyor belt, hallway, highway

Golgi Bodies/Apparatus Function: Wraps or packages proteins before they can leave the cell. Animal, Plant, or Both Analogy: Post Office

Lysosomes Function: Digests enzymes & transports waste material to cell membrane for removal Animal, Plant, or Both Analogy: Garbage Man

Centrioles Function: Paired organelle that helps with cell division Animal, Plant, or Both Analogy: Math teacher (can divide and multiply)

Central Vacuole Function: Stores food, water, and waste, keeps cell’s shape Animal, Plant, or Both Analogy: Refrigerator

Chloroplasts Function: Makes plant’s food called glucose (photosynthesis) Gives plants green color Animal, Plant, or Both Analogy: Chef