Mission Pledge: As part of HMS I will seek to create a positive learning environment in which all students will excel today, tomorrow, and forever. K-W-L: Skeleton

3-2-1 Answer in complete sentences 3- learned yesterday in class 2- surprised you 1-question This will be for a grade.

Mission Pledge: As part of HMS I will seek to create a positive learning environment in which all students will excel today, tomorrow, and forever. Check Yourself

Skeletal system is all the bones and cartilage in your body and is the framework of your body.

The Skeletal System has 5 major functions: 1.The skeleton gives shape and support to your body. 2.Bones protect your internal organs. For example, ribs surround the heart and lungs, and the skull encloses the brain. 3.Major muscles are attached to bone and help them move. 4.Blood cells are formed in the center of many bones in soft tissue called red marrow. 5.Major quantities of calcium and phosphorous compounds are stored in the skeleton for later use. Calcium and phosphorous make bones hard.

Bones have bumps, edges, round ends, rough spots, and many pits and holes.

Periosteum is a tough, tight-fitting membrane covering the bone’s surface. (peri-around)

Compact bone is a hard, strong layer directly under the periosteum, which gives bones strength. Spongy bone is located toward the ends of long bones such as those in your thigh and upper arm.

In the centers of long bones are large openings called cavities which are filled with a substance called marrow. Yellow marrow is composed of fat cells and red marrow produces red blood cells.

Cartilage covers the ends of bones with a smooth, slippery, thick layer of tissue. Cartilage does not contain blood vessels or minerals.

Cartilage is flexible and important in joints because it acts as a shock absorber and reduces friction.

Months before your birth, your skeleton was made of cartilage. Gradually during the development of the fetus cartilage was replaced by bone.

Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells that deposit the minerals calcium and phosphorous in bones, making the bone tissue hard. You were born with over 300 bones and as you developed, some bones fused, or grew together, so that now you have only 206 bones.

Ligament is a tough band of tissue that holds the bones in place at these joints.

Joint is anyplace where two or more bones come together.

In a pivot joint, one bone rotates in a ring of another bone that does not move. Turning your head is an example of a pivot movement.

A ball-and-socket joint consists of a bone with a rounded end that fits into a cuplike cavity on another bone. A ball-and-socket joint provides a wider range of motion than a pivot joint does.

The hinge joint has a back-and-forth movement like hinges on a door. Elbows, knees, and fingers have hinge joints.

A fourth type of joint is a gliding joint in which one part of a bone slides over another bone. Gliding joints also move in a back-and-forth motion and are found in your wrists and ankles and between vertebrae.

Carpals Clavicle Cranium Femur Fibula Humerus Mandible Metacarpals Metatarsals Patella Pelvis Phalanges Radius Rib Scapula Sternum Tarsals Tibia Ulna Vertebrae