CELLULAR RESPIRATION Chapter 9
Cellular Respiration The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. 6 O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 6 CO H 2 O + Energy oxygen + Glucose carbon + water + energy dioxide Uses energy to produce ATP Aerobic – requires oxygen Occurs in the mitochondria
Fermentation Fermentation – releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP in the absence of oxygen Anaerobic – does not require oxygen 1. Alcoholic Fermentation Used by yeast and other microscopic organisms Produces CO 2 and alcohol Causes bread dough to rise
Fermentation cont. 2. Lactic Acid Fermentation Produces lactic acid Produced in your muscles during rapid exercise when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to the tissues. Causes muscles to feel a painful, burning sensation
Glycolysis The first set of reactions in cellular respiration. Does not require oxygen. Uses 2 ATP molecules during the process, but produces 4 ATP molecules. This gives the cell a net gain of 2 ATP molecules. Glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid.
Glycolysis cont. Captures two pairs of electrons with the carrier NAD +. NADH holds the electrons until they can be transferred to other molecules.
Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration PhotosynthesisCellular Respiration FunctionCaptures energyReleases energy LocationChloroplastsMitochondria ReactantsCO 2 + H 2 OC 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 ProductsC 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O Occurs inAutotrophs onlyBoth Autotrophs and Heterotrophs Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration are opposites of each other.