1 st 9 Weeks Midterm - Study Guide Answers Living Things and Cells

1.4 Needs of Living Things: energy, water, living space, stable internal conditions 2.6 Common Characteristics: cells, DNA, use Energy, respond to change (stimulus), reproduce, grow & develop. 3.Response – reaction to a change in environment Stimulus – a change in environment 4.Homeostasis – ability to maintain stable internal conditions.

5.Growth: getting larger Develop: become more complex (caterpillar to butterfly.) 6.Smallest unit of life: Cell 7.Scientist 1 st discovered cells: Robert Hooke 8.Scientist discovered “animalcules”: Anton von Leeuwenhoek

9.Cell Theory: All organisms are made of cells. The cell is the basic unit of life. All cells come from other cells. 10. Prokaryotic cell: no nucleus Eukaryotic cell: has a nucleus 11. Multicellular: many cells Unicellular: 1 cell 12. Only 2 Prokaryotes: bacteria and archaea

13. Look at chart in notebook or cell booklet for functions of cell parts. 14. Organelles in plants only: cell wall, chloroplasts 15. Multicellular benefits: longer life, larger size, specialization 16. Specialization: different types of cells do different jobs for the organism levels of organization: cell, tissue, organ, organ system

Example of Constructed Response Answer The organelle that Robert Hooke saw in the cork plant that separated the cells was the cell wall. He was not able to see separate animal cells because they do not have cell walls and microscopes were not strong enough to see their cell membranes. As the information states, it was not until 1835 when stronger microscopes were available that scientists discovered that animals also have cells. Cell membranes are not as easy to see as cell walls.