Guru Nanak In the time of its founder Guru Nanak in the sixteenth century, Sikhism was clearly a religion of peace. Guru Nanak Wrote: “ No one is my enemy,

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Guru Nanak In the time of its founder Guru Nanak in the sixteenth century, Sikhism was clearly a religion of peace. Guru Nanak Wrote: “ No one is my enemy, No one is a foreigner with all I am at peace, God within us renders us incapable of hate and prejudice.” Task: What does this quote mean?

Guru Arjan Before the late 16th century the Sikhs had enjoyed a peaceful relationship with their Moghal rulers (Muslims). However, when the Emperor Akbar died he was succeeded by Jahangir who not as tolerant as Akbar.

Guru Arjun Jahangir ordered Guru Arjan (the 5th Sikh Guru) to remove some hymns from the Adi Granth (now the Guru Granth Sahib). Arjan refused and he was tortured and killed.

Guru Hargobind (6th Guru) Guru Hargobind succeeded his father in 1606. He declared that instead of wearing prayer beads he would wear two kirpans (swords). They represent: Spiritual power (God’s truth - teachings) Worldly power (fight against oppression and injustice He urged his followers to fight against oppression if necessary!!!

Guru Tegh Bahadur (9th Guru) Sikh Gurus Guru Har Rai (1644) (7th Guru) Guru Har Krishan (1661) (8th Guru) Guru Tegh Bahadur (9th Guru) 1664 Became Guru at a time of increasing persecution. Sikhs and Hindus were being pressured to renounce their faith by charging them high taxes and closing their places of worship.

Guru Tegh Bahadur Guru Tegh Bahadur believed that everyone should be free to worship God in any way they wish – it was everyone’s right! He went to Delhi to speak to the Emperor but his plea fell on deaf ears. He was captured and imprisoned, tortured and killed. He was the second Guru martyr.

Guru Gobind Singh (10th Guru) 1675 He formed the Khalsa to fight against the Muslims who were persecuting them. He urged the Sikhs to fight against the oppression. However, he made it clear that violence and war were to be the last resort, but emphasised that they should not be avoided if necessary.

Guru Gobind Singh (10th Guru) Guru Gobind Singh stated: “ When all efforts to restore peace prove useless and no words avail, lawful is the flash of steel. It is right to draw the sword.”

Guru Dates Key facts Nanak 1469–1539 Founder of Sikhism Angad 1504–1552 Made Punjabi language of Sikhism Amar Das 1479–1574 Made langar part of gurdwaras Ram Das 1534–1581 Founded Amritsar in 1577 Arjan 1563–1606 Built Golden Temple, compiled Guru Granth Sahib, first Sikh martyr Hargobind 1595–1644 Encouraged martyrdom Har Rai 1630–1661 Led a peaceful life Harkrishan 1656–1664 Tegh Bahadur 1621–1675 Martyred Gobind Singh 1666–1708 Established the khalsa and the 5Ks