Many facets of Neutron Stars Astrosat and beyond Biswajit Paul Raman Research Institute, Bangalore.

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Presentation transcript:

Many facets of Neutron Stars Astrosat and beyond Biswajit Paul Raman Research Institute, Bangalore

Many facets of Neutron Stars Astrosat and beyond Different varieties of neutron stars X-ray binary studies Orbital evolution of X-ray binaries Accretion torque Quasi periodic oscillations in accreting X-ray pulsars Self absorption in X-ray and dips in the pulse profiles Cyclotron scattering resonance feature, pulse phased studies Thermonuclear bursts, X-ray reprocessing Future Astrosat X-ray polarimeter

Rotation Powered : Ordinary and Millisecond Pulsars Different Types of Neutron Stars

Magnetars Different Types of Neutron Stars

Accretion Powered Different Types of Neutron Stars

Why study orbital evolution Single star evolution is different from binary evolution End products : Double compact binaries (Gravitational wave, GRBs) Stellar physics!!

Orbital Evolution HMXBs LMC X-4 SMC X-1 Cen X-3 4U Be-XRBs 4U LMXBs Her X-1 SAX J U XTE J Conservative mass transfer Mass transfer + mass loss Tidal effect Gravitational wave radiation

Measurement Techniques Pulse timing (Broad pulse, jitters, absorption, statistics) Eclipse timing (Pre-eclipse dips) Orbital modulation (Stability of modulation pattern) Spectroscopic (HMXB ? X-ray Irradiation ?)

Orbital Evolution of HMXB Pulsars Evolution time scale ~ years  Tidal effect

Apsidal advance in 4U U : 24.3 days Ecentricity: 0.34, apsidal rate: Raichur and Paul 2010

Probing the Stellar Structure

Eclipse timing: XTE J

Jain and Paul 2010

Eclipse timing: EXO Wolff et al. 2009

Orbital evolution of X-ray binaries LMC X-4 CenX-3SMC X-14U U Her X-1 XTE J Cyg X-3 XTE J

Disk Magnetosphere Interaction Ghosh and Lamb 1979

QPOs: Luminosity dependence A : Finger et al., (1996), Ghosh (1996)

QPO Discoveries XTE J : Paul et al. (1998)4U : Mukherjee et al. (2001) XTE J (Kaur al. 2007)

QPO Discoveries

QPO census SourceTypePulse freq QPO freqRatio KS HMXB/Be SAX J HMXB/? A HMXB/Be V HMXB/Be U HMXB/Be A HMXB/Be XTE J HMXB/Be U HMXB/? EXO HMXB/Be SWIFT J HMXB/Be XTE J HMXB/B0.5-B1Ve GRO J LMXB GX 304-1HMXB MAXI J HMXB SMC X-1HMXB/B Her X-1LMXB LMC X-4HMXB/O-type Cen X-3HMXB/O-type U LMXB X PerHMXB/Be U HMXB/OB

Magnetic Field Estimation with QPOs

James 2012 (PhD Thesis)

Dips in Pulse Profiles : Partial Covering Absorption 23

Dips in Pulse Profiles : Partial Covering Absorption 24

Dips in Pulse Profiles : Partial Covering Absorption 25

Accretion onto Neutron Star

Ghosh & Lamb, 1979 Frank, King and Raine: Accretion Power in Astrophysics

Fermi-GBM, CGRO-BATSE

From BATSE Bildstein et al. 1997

Fermi-GBM, CGRO-BATSE

4U : Period Evolution Camero-Arranz et al. 2010

4U : Light Curves 32 Aru Beri et al. 2013

4U : Pulse Profiles 33 Aru Beri et al. 2013

Accretion torque in 4U X-ray luminosity (mass accretion rate) is not the sole deciding factor in accretion torque How the disk couples to the magnet is also important

Accreting X-ray pulsars Spectrum 35

Pulsar Cyclotron lines

Cyclotron lines at different pulse phases

Pulsar Cyclotron lines Fundamental and harmonic ratio

Pulsar Cyclotron lines At Different Luminosities 4U

Reprocessing of Thermonuclear X-ray Bursts

Thermonuclear X-ray Burst Reprocessing 41

Reprocessing Region ? Hynes et al. 2006

Reprocessing in EXO : XMM-Newton Observations

X-ray Pulse Reprocessing 4U : (Gayathri, Paul, Dipankar, Mohan, 2015)

Low mass X-ray binaries

ASTORSAT

Indian X-ray Astronomy Experiment ( )

c

Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter

LAXPC: Effective Area

Hard X-ray Quasi Periodic Oscillations

X-ray Polarimetry

Accreting X-ray Pulsars 54

Black Hole Accretion Disks 55

Rotation Powered Pulsars & Magnetars 56

57

Detectors 58

59

Deep Interplanetary Navigation with X-ray pulsars ISRO HQ - 22 Apr 2014 Becker et al. 2013

Deep Interplanetary Navigation with X-ray pulsars Becker et al. 2013