A way to look at inheritance patterns over many generations Pedigree Analysis A way to look at inheritance patterns over many generations

What is a Pedigree?

In addition to family history, pedigrees can show Presence of disease

Pedigree Symbols

Inheritance Patterns shown on Pedigrees Dominant-shows up in every generation Recessive-can skip a generation Sex-linked-seen more often in males than females.

Inheritance Patterns

Use of Pedigrees Study disease in a family. Used to determine relationships between animals for captive breeding programs. Today--you will use pedigrees to understand how two diseases are inherited

Designing a captive breeding programs for elephants at the zoo! Use of Pedigrees Designing a captive breeding programs for elephants at the zoo!

Asiatic vs. African elephants

Information on Asiatic Elephants Elephas maximus Range: India and Southeast Asia Some have tusks others do not Live in female led groups of 6-7 elephants Litter size: 1 calf

Endangered Species IUCN Red List-- Problem: poaching status: Endangered, which means in danger of becoming extinct Other categories: stable, vulnerable, threatened, endangered, extinct Problem: poaching

Captive Breeding Mating endangered species in captivity to increase their populations and eventually release into the wild.

Problems with captive breeding Inbreeding: breeding of close relatives decreases the viability of offspring (less offspring live). Relatives may carry lethal recessive genes.

Questions we will answer… How would a pedigree help to support a well-constructed captive breeding program for Asiatic Elephants? You will look at actual data from zoos to draw some conclusions for your program!

Inheritance of Tusks If no tusks is filled in… What is the Phenotype of I-2 What is the genotype of II-2? Make a Punnett Square to show the mating of III-3 and III-4

Mating… Mating close relatives increases the chance of passing down recessive lethal alleles, which elephants would we want to mate? Use the table provided, that shows actual Asian elephants at zoos in the US

Zoo News Zoo New England Roger Williams Zoo Northern Red Bellied Turtle Roger Williams Zoo Red wolf recovery program Zoos are not just for us to look at animals. Many zoos have active breeding programs and species conservation.